Jurnal Gendang Alam (GA)

3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGIES IN SABAH HANDICRAFT INDUSTRY: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION

2024-12-16T10:44:45+08:00

ABSTRACT

To enter emerging markets, it is necessary to revitalise and modernise handmade items, crafts, and souvenirs. The preservation of Borneo's artisan handicrafts and traditional techniques, which are directed by generational knowledge, necessitates the introduction of new offers to invigorate the growth of these traditional crafts that are at risk of fading. The progress of 3D printing enables the exploration of personalisation, uniqueness, and creativity, which may contribute to the diversification of Borneo handcrafted items. Hence, the integration of innovative technologies and materials may be enthusiastically adopted by local artisans and the expansion of technology as an independent domain capable of manufacturing a diverse array of craft products can enhance their production, competitiveness, and prospects for sustainability. The desire to include state-of-the-art technology in the construction of mementos raises several philosophical and ethical concerns that need to be addressed. The study suggests that further investigation should be conducted to explore the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printed mementos for various client categories. Incorporating the cultural heritage of the Borneo people into product design, together with the use of digital manufacturing technologies, may ultimately create fresh value, enhance resilience, and promote sustainability for local handcrafted items.

Keywords: 3D Printing, Sabah Handicraft, Design Intervention, Local Artisan, consumer preferences.

CHINESE DRAGONS AND SEMIOTICS IN CHINESE ANIMATED FILMS

2024-12-16T11:49:34+08:00

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the visualisation of Chinese dragon character design in Chinese animated films and the symbolism of traditional Chinese dragon culture. Characterisation in animated films is inextricably linked to the culture in which the character is set to fulfil the film role. In the design of animated characters, the visual image of the character can be combined with symbolism to show the culture in the design context. Incorporating culture into contemporary design is conducive to transmitting and disseminating culture and is one of the most important means of passing on cultural and intangible cultural heritage. The methodology used is interdisciplinary due to the need to use different theories in character design to deal with the merging of visual elements. Using the theory of character design, the theory of dragons, and the theory of semiotics, the relationship between culture and visuals in character design is matched by whether there is a deviation or a coincidence between the representation of symbols, symbolic and metaphorical meanings in Peirce's theory of semiotics. The result is a unity between the three referential elements. It is interesting to note that different characters have different characteristics. Still, some patterns can be followed under a specific cultural background theory system, and there is consistency in the visual representation of the symbols and the cultural symbolism.

Keywords: Chinese Dragon, Cultural Heritage, Chinese Animated Films, Character Design

LUANGAN: MANIFESTASI WARISAN BUDAYA DAN SIMBOL KEMERIAHAN DALAM PESTA BABULANG MASYARAKAT BISAYA DI LIMBANG, SARAWAK

2024-12-16T15:03:50+08:00

Abstrak

Pesta Babulang Bisaya yang berlangsung di Limbang, Sarawak, adalah manifestasi budaya yang kaya dengan keindahan estetika serta warisan etnografi yang mencerminkan identiti masyarakat Bisaya. Kain rentang tradisional yang dikenali sebagai luangan menjadi salah satu elemen budaya yang terpenting, sarat dengan simbolisme dan nilai tradisi yang mendalam. Terdapat pelbagai jenis luangan, antaranya badal-badal, rawai-rawai, dan jaujadar, yang masing-masing membawa makna tersendiri dan digunakan dalam pelbagai acara seperti perkahwinan, makan doa salamat, upacara ritual tamarok belian, serta pesta kebudayaan Babulang. Kajian etnografi yang dilakukan di perkampungan Bisaya di Limbang menumpukan pada analisis motif dan ragam hias yang terkandung dalam kain luangan, di mana elemen-elemen ini dilihat sebagai simbol budaya dan menjadi penanda identiti kelompok etnik ini. Melalui kaedah kajian kualitatif yang melibatkan pemerhatian langsung, temu bual, dan rakaman audio-visual, penyelidik dapat merungkai simbolisme di sebalik motif-motif tersebut yang menghubungkan masyarakat Bisaya dengan persekitaran semula jadi mereka. Pengaruh alam sekitar jelas terpancar dalam pemilihan warna, bentuk, dan tekstur kain, menunjukkan hubungan simbiotik antara budaya dan alam. Kain rentang ini tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai hiasan, tetapi juga sebagai alat untuk memperkukuhkan identiti etnik dan memperkasa kedudukan masyarakat Bisaya dalam peta budaya Malaysia yang lebih besar. Justeru, kajian mengenai luangan ini bukan sahaja memberikan sumbangan penting terhadap pemahaman kita mengenai estetika dan budaya masyarakat Bisaya, malah memperkaya wacana antropologi budaya, khususnya dalam konteks masyarakat pribumi di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: Bisaya Limbang, objek budaya, kain rentang, motif, ragam hias.

ABSTRACT

The Bisaya Babulang Festival held in Limbang, Sarawak, is a cultural manifestation rich in aesthetic beauty and ethnographic heritage that reflects the identity of the Bisaya community. The traditional banner known as luangan is one of the most important cultural elements, laden with deep symbolism and traditional values. There are various types of luangan, including badal-badal, rawai-rawai, and jaujadar, each of which carries its own meaning and is used in various events such as weddings, salamat prayers, tamarok belian rituals, and the Babulang cultural festival. The ethnographic study conducted in the Bisaya village in Limbang focused on analyzing the motifs and decorations contained in the luangan cloth, where these elements are seen as cultural symbols and markers of the identity of this ethnic group. Through qualitative research methods involving direct observation, interviews, and audio-visual recordings, the researchers were able to unravel the symbolism behind these motifs that connect the Bisaya community with their natural environment. The influence of the environment is clearly reflected in the choice of colors, shapes, and textures of the fabrics, demonstrating the symbiotic relationship between culture and nature. These banners not only function as decorations, but also as a tool to reinforce ethnic identity and empower the Bisaya community's position in the larger cultural map of Malaysia. Therefore, the study of this leisure not only makes an important contribution to our understanding of the aesthetics and culture of the Bisaya community, but also enriches the discourse of cultural anthropology, especially in the context of indigenous communities in Malaysia.

Keywords: Bisaya Limbang, cultural objects, banners, motifs, decorative patterns.

INHERITANCE AND INNOVATION OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL FURNITURE CULTURE FROM THE CONTEMPORARY FURNITURE DESIGN STYLES——FOCUS ON MING DYNASTY CHAIR FURNITURE

2024-12-16T15:23:43+08:00

ABSTRACT

This research explores the inheritance and innovation of Chinese traditional furniture culture in contemporary furniture design styles, focusing on Ming Dynasty chairs. Through historical literature research and a mixed-methods approach, elements such as form, function, decoration, and aesthetic consciousness are analyzed. The study proposes three core concepts: “Tangible，” optimizing functional elements to enhance usability; “Emotional，” creating deeper connections through emotional resonance; and “Effective，” promoting cultural interaction by dynamically utilizing cultural symbols. The research aims to balance traditional cultural heritage and contemporary design innovations, thereby improving the relevance of Chinese furniture in modern life and aesthetics. Integrating advanced materials and technologies also contributes to sustainability and economic development within the furniture industry. Moreover, the study uses empirical data to support the theoretical model and evaluate the extent of traditional cultural inheritance in contemporary furniture design.

Keywords: Chinese traditional furniture culture, Contemporary Design Innovation, integration strategy

A STUDY ON THE FEATURES OF MINORITY-THEMED PAINTINGS IN THE 13TH NATIONAL ART EXHIBITION OF CHINA

2024-12-16T15:42:47+08:00

ABSTRACT

This study aims to identify the features of minority-themed paintings in the 13th National Art Exhibition of China. The judging committee selected three award-winning artworks themed on minority subject. These three artworks can show us the features of minority-themed paintings distinctly. So, the researcher set these artworks as the research objective of this study. The research problems of this study are which ethnic groups the artists choose, what expressive strategies they use, and what aesthetic features are presented in these artworks. Based on exploratory research method, the researcher adopted a series of unstructured and semi-structured observation research methods to collect data, allowing the aesthetic features of each work to be revealed. By comparative analysis, the features of minority-themed paintings in this National Art Exhibition were determined. The results of this study found that these artworks exhibit their own features in three aspects: theme, content, meaning; form and structure; artist background. Specifically, the artists prefer to portray the primitive beauty of ethnic minorities, while some artists pay attention to the impact of modernization on ethnic minorities. All the artists use a realistic form to portray ethnic minorities, but they have their own considerations in structure design. The artists all have a background as university teachers, and they have conducted research on the ethnic groups for a relatively long time, which could be the basis of their research. In addition, the artists adopted a cautious attitude about the modern elements in ethnic minorities and used a restrained expressive strategy to design their artwork’s structure. This study also found that minority groups that have gradually lost their original characteristics in the process of modernization have not been selected by artists.

Keywords: Aesthetic,13th National Art Exhibition of China, Minority-Themed Paintings, Realistic Form，Primitive Features

THE APPLICATION OF DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNOLOGY IN MUSIC CONSERVATORY COURSES: EXPLORING LECTURER ATTITUDINAL FACTOR

2024-12-16T16:05:44+08:00

ABSTRACT

The current study examined the use and integration of digital audio technology (DAT) in conservatory courses for teaching music, focusing on lecturers' attitudes toward technology, with consideration of their acceptance of technology and their propensity to integrate it into teaching; this is then employed as a starting point to examine what factors affect lecturers' attitudes. Nevertheless, many technological tools have been developed concerning the rapid improvement of digital technology and gradually integrated into the classroom teaching process; In other words, music education has undergone considerable changes. However, without the trust and confidence in these DAT tools by lecturers, the successful integration of DAT may not be as straightforward as it seems to be through technological advancement. This study conducted a systematic literature analysis to examine relevant research on educators' opinions toward DAT in music education from 2018 to 2024. The researchers reviewed 37 papers that satisfied the inclusion criteria of this study by searching prominent academic databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Mycite, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The topics of the essays primarily reflected on how digital technologies are used, and what roles they serve in contemporary education while exploring both the promise and pitfalls of digital technology as it relates to educators' attitudes impacted by the infusion of technology into music courses. They analyzed the relationship between lecturers′ beliefs, attitude, and their use of instructional technology. In addition, the series of proposed improvement strategies from these papers are extremely important.

Keywords: technology, attitude, music education, music course, technology integration

SIMBOL DAN KEPERCAYAAN KINOMOL DALAM RITUAL ETNIK RUNGUS

2024-12-16T16:10:58+08:00

Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidik fungsi, kegunaan, dan simbol tradisional Kinomol dalam upacara ritual tradisi etnik Rungus khususnya ritual mamapak yang diadakan di daerah Pitas. Kinomol dikenali sebagai tapai dan dihidangkan selepas bobolizan selesai monguhok (mantera/jampi/aji). Kinomol merupakan minuman tradisional etnik Rungus yang memabukkan kerana kinomol dihasilkan melalui proses penapaian beras yang diperam dalam tempoh yang lama. Etnik Rungus menggunakan kinomol sebagai salah satu bahan sajian dalam upacara ritual mamapak. Hal ini dikatakan demikian kerana sejajar dengan kepercayaan spiritual serta amalan turun-temurun nenek moyang mereka yang dipegang teguh. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis hubungan antara kinomol dengan kepercayaan dan adat resam etnik Rungus khususnya semasa pelaksanaan ritual mamapak. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengumpul data seperti melalui temu bual, pemerhatian, dan analisis sumber sekunder. Data yang diperoleh akan digunakan untuk memahami hubungkait kinomol dengan kepercayaan etnik Rungus dalam kehidupan mereka. Hasil kajian ini juga dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang peranan kinomol dalam kehidupan etnik Rungus. Kajian in akan menjadi salah satu usaha berbentuk dokumentasi yang akan memelihara identiti serta memberi gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang bagaimana tradisi dan budaya ini berinteraksi dengan perubahan zaman warisan budaya etnik Rungus di Sabah.

Kata kunci: Simbol, kinomol, ritual mamapak, kepercayaan, Rungus.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to research the functions, uses, and traditional symbols of kinomol in ritual ceremonies of the Rungus ethnic tradition, especially the rituals of mamapak held in Pitas district. Kinomol, known as distill, was served after Bobolizan's move (mantra, spell, or ji). Kinomol is a traditional Rungus ethnic drink that is intoxicating because it is produced through the fermentation process of rice that is fermented for a long time. Ethnic Rungus use kinomol as one of the ingredients served in ritual ceremonies. This is said to be so because it is in line with the spiritual beliefs and practices of their ancestors, which are firmly held. Therefore, this study will analyze the relationship between kinomol and the beliefs and customs of the Rungus ethnic group, especially during the implementation of rituals like mamapak. This study uses a qualitative approach to collect data, such as through interviews, observations, and secondary source analysis. The data obtained will be used to understand the relationship between kinomol and Rungus ethnic beliefs in their lives. The results of this study can also provide a deeper understanding of the role of kinomol in the life of the Rungus ethnic group. This study will be one of the efforts in the form of documentation that will preserve identity and give a clearer picture of how this tradition and culture interact with the changing times of Rungus ethnic cultural heritage in Sabah.

Keywords: Symbol, kinomol, mamapak ritual, belief, ethnic Rungus.

SPEECH-TONES AND MELODIC EXPRESSIONS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF “JASMINE FLOWER” FOLKSONG VARIANTS FROM JIANGSU AND BEIJING

2024-12-16T16:44:30+08:00

ABSTRACT

The traditional Chinese folksong "Jasmine Flower" is a culturally rich artifact, that has many variants across mainland China. Its variations in melody, rhythm, and lyrics, reflect diverse regional cultures. This study focuses on two representative regional variants—the Jiangsu and Beijing versions—delving into a comprehensive exploration of poetic verses and melodies between the two different regional dialects. Special attention is paid to examining the intricate relationship between dialectal speech-tones and the folksong melodies, highlighting how cultural diversity shapes this musical connection. Data collection for this study involved recording recitations of the poetic verse of each of these two regional variants of the “Jasmine Flower” folksong, each accompanied by its corresponding melodic transcription. The linguistic software PRAAT was utilized for analyzing these dialect recitations, allowing for a comparison between speech-tones and folksong melody, representing a pioneering use of contemporary linguistic approaches in studying the “Jasmine Flower” folksong. The evaluation framework, centered around three comparative criteria between speech-tones and melodic structures: similar motion, oblique motion, and contrary motion, providing a comprehensive lens for analysis. The study's findings reaffirm the significant influence of language and musical traditions on the construction of regional melodies in the various versions of the folksong. Through a superimposed contrastive analysis of the two regional variants, this study elucidates how these versions maintain common characteristics across different levels of melody and poetic structures. This study, thus, not only enriches understanding of the musical heritage embodied in "Jasmine Flower" but also underscores the broader interplay between language and music within regional folk traditions.

Keywords: folksong, speech-tones, melody, comparison, “Jasmine Flower,” China

SIGAL SEBAGAI SIMBOL SOSIAL DALAM KEPERCAYAAN TRADISI MASYARAKAT RUNGUS

2024-12-16T17:01:40+08:00

ABSTRAK

Kepala adalah anggota badan yang tertinggi yang mewakili kebijaksanaan manusia. Aksesori kepala iaitu sigal adalah objek budaya yang boleh melambangkan status seseorang dalam masyarakat Rungus. Sigal mencerminkan status si pemakainya termasuk pemimpin, ketua agama, ketua kampung, bangsawan dan pahlawan. Sigal digunakan untuk pelbagai tujuan seperti majlis perkahwinan, keramaian, hukum adat, adat kematian dan sogit. Metodologi kajian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, bertujuan untuk mencapai objektif kajian dan mendapatkan data yang tepat melalui pendekatan seperti temu bual, kerja lapangan, rakaman dan kajian literatur. Kajian mendapati bahawa bentuk, jenis kain, warna dan motif sigal mempengaruhi status dan tujuan pemakaiannya. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji status sigal dalam kehidupan sosial masyarakat Rungus. Dahulu, sigal dipakai sebagai pakaian harian dan diwajibkan semasa upacara dan acara adat, tetapi transisi kehidupan telah memberi impak kepada pemakaian sigal dalam masyarakat Rungus. Hari ini, sigal hanya dilihat semasa majlis-majlis rasmi, dipakai hanya sebagai aksesori. Justeru, kajian ini menjelaskan signifikasi pemakaian sigal dalam struktur sosial dan peranannya dalam kepercayaan tradisional masyarakat etnik Rungus.

Kata Kunci: Sigal, etnik Rungus, status Sigal, kepercayaan, sogit.

ABSTRACT

The head is the highest part of the body that represents human wisdom. The head accessory that is the sigal is a cultural object that can symbolize a person's status in Rungus society. Sigal reflects the wearer's status including leaders, religious leaders, village heads, nobles and warriors. Sigal is used for various purposes such as wedding ceremonies, gatherings, customary law, death customs and sogit. The research methodology used is qualitative, aiming to achieve the objectives of the study and obtain accurate data through approaches such as interviews, fieldwork, recordings and literature review. The study found that the shape, type of fabric, color and motif of the sigal affect the status and purpose of its use. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the status of sigal in the social life of the Rungus community. In the past, sigals were worn as daily clothing and were required during ceremonies and customary events, but the transition of life has had an impact on the use of sigals in the Rungus community. Today, the sigal is only seen during formal occasions, worn only as an accessory. Thus, this study explains the significance of the use of sigal in the social structure and its role in the traditional beliefs of the Rungus ethnic community.

Keywords: Sigal, Rungus ethnicity, Sigal status, belief, sogit

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS OF SANJIANG DONG ETHNIC GROUP: A STUDY BASED ON CONSUMER PREFERENCES

2024-12-17T10:52:34+08:00

ABSTRACT

This study aims to explore consumer preferences for traditional handicrafts of the Dong ethnic group in Sanjiang and to provide a theoretical basis for new product development. Through interviews and thematic analyses of 40 consumers, the study provides an in-depth analysis of consumers' demographic characteristics, market demand, and suggestions for improvement of existing products. The results show that consumers highly value the cultural significance and traditional craftsmanship of Dong handicrafts, but at the same time hope that the products can incorporate modern design elements to meet personalized needs. Based on the study's results, this paper suggests that the cultural heritage of Dong handicrafts can be combined with economic benefits by enriching product variety, improving craftsmanship, optimizing branding, and developing products with high portability to meet consumer expectations and enhance market competitiveness.

Keywords: Consumer preferences, traditional handicrafts, product development, thematic analysis, market

VISUAL DESIGN DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF "GUOCHAO" STYLE IN HAND-PAINTED ILLUSTRATIONS

2024-12-17T13:56:14+08:00

ABSTRACT

This paper attempts to determine which visual design elements are important when the artists and designers are creating "Guochao" style hand-painted illustrations. The "Guochao" style has become a popular trend in China, including the integration of Chinese traditional elements and modern aesthetics, representing the contemporary interpretation of Chinese culture, creating a unique visual aesthetic. Therefore, it is of great significance for artists and designers to determine the visual design development model of "Guochao" style hand-painted illustrations. The research invited 100 participants whose ages over 18 years old, artists, designers, teachers and students majoring in art or design, to use quantitative research to explore the visual design development model. The results can contribute to a deeper understanding of this style, designers and artists interested in exploring the integration of traditional and contemporary aesthetics in visual design, and provide practical guidance for artists and designers seeking to integrate "Guochao" style aesthetics into their work, and provide criteria for judging the style type of hand-painted illustrations.

Keywords: Hand-painted illustrations, Contemporary, Art Elements, "Guochao" style, Visual Design Development Model

DEVELOPMENT OF ANCIENT STYLE MUSIC COMMUNICATION IN THE NEW MEDIA ERA FROM MIMAN CULTURE MEDIA

2024-12-17T14:08:18+08:00

ABSTRACT

Miman Culture Media is the first cultural company in China that focuses on the promotion of original ancient style music, and has developed a large number of young group fans of traditional Chinese music and culture. In every stage of the company's development, it reflects the market development trend of Chinese folk music in the era of new media, media dissemination channels, and changes in the connotation of traditional music. Combined with the development of Miman Culture Media, this paper adopts empirical methods such as interviews, online ethnography and participant observation to analyze the transmutation of ancient style music in Chinese pop music field in the era of new media from three aspects: cultural self-consciousness, market integration, and marketing of ancient style music, and to get the characteristics of the pluralism and cultural nature of Chinese ancientry music in the era of new media.

Keywords: Miman Culture Media, ancient style music, new media, communication