Jurnal Gendang Alam (GA)

THE EFFECT OF ANIMATION-GAME ON THE STUDENTS WORKING MEMORY CAPACITY AMONG PRESCHOOLERS IN HEBEI PROVINCE, CHINA

Ji Yuqing — 2023-12-15

Memory is an integral part of intelligence. However, many studies have shown that working memory is a better predictor of academic success than intelligence. Although many parents are able to recognize the importance of memory for their children's development, they are still determining methods to improve their children's memory. This paper explores the improvement effect of animated games on children's memory, using empirical research to explore the types of games that improve children's problem-solving and to study new games that improve children's memory. The study experiment was conducted in rural and urban public kindergartens in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. 30 children were selected to participate in this experiment and divided into groups, each with 15 children. The first group will be trained with a picture book, while the second group will play an animated detective game. Each experiment was performed once a week and required a time frame of four weeks for completion. The main objective of this study is to explore the effectiveness of different games to attract children's attention and improve their memory. If the approach of using games for children's memory enhancement is successful, it will provide another type of game instruction for preschool education, resulting in improved teaching methods. Subsequently, children's memory levels and overall learning levels would improve as well.

SEMIOTIC OF SOUND TECHNIQUE IMPACTING THE UNDERSTANDING IN HORROR GENRE SHORT FILM “HAWA” (2016)

Wilynie Teng Miau Le — 2023-12-15

This study analyses the sound technique that is used to analyse the structure of sound in “Hawa”, Directed by Tan Ce Ding in 2016, a short horror film about a girl who is being locked inside her room by her parents due to her infection. Using semiotic analysis, this research studied their sound technique that they employ to convey a message in each scene. To comprehend how the techniques of various noises used in motion pictures, as well as the temporal evolution of sound energy, create an emotional experience for the audience. In the context of multimedia content analysis and indexing, qualitative methodologies have already been applied to horror film soundtracks. It was decided to use a qualitative research strategy, and more precisely, a hybrid technique that combines thematic analysis with semiotics content analysis. This method was chosen because it was necessary to find, code, classify, and count both obvious and latent meanings in the written responses of the audiences. Thematic analysis is used to analyse the audience’s understanding in Hawa film directed by Tan Ce Ding, that can elicit horror understanding and feeling. Such as the existence of diegetic and non-diegetic sound, contrapuntal sound, parallel sound, and sound bridge can imply to the understanding.

BELA BARTÓK’S POLYMODAL CHROMATICISM IN CHICK COREA’S CHILDREN SONG NO.5 AND NO.15

Ganesan Balakrishnan — 2023-12-15

This study focuses on the application of Bela Bartók’s theory of polymodal chromaticism in Chick Corea’s selected piano pieces from Children’s Songs, 1984. The selected pieces of Children Song No.5 and No.15 provide examples of the application of Bela Bartók’s theory of polymodal chromaticism as a compositional device in jazz music. Despite the significance of these pieces, there exists a scarcity of musical analyses examining the use of polymodal chromaticism, indicating a need for further research in this area. This study reveals the compositional method, style, and tool that Corea uses in applying the theory of polymodal chromaticism. Integration of polymodal chromaticism with functional harmonic progression and unique combinations of modal and compound scales that Corea employs to achieve polymodal chromaticism is revealed in this study. Qualitative method of music analysis and quasi-`Schenkerian music analysis were applied to highlight modal and compound scales, ostinatos, harmonic progression, and compositional techniques Corea used in developing polymodal chromaticism in the selected pieces. The study led to detailed insights into the compositional techniques used to achieve polymodal chromaticism, as well as the discovery of unique compound scales and combinations of scales that led to chromaticism. The methods of applying polymodal chromaticism are detailed in this study, allowing further exploration of the theory in other areas of jazz and contemporary music.

PENGURUSAN KRAF TANGAN TRADISI ETNIK DUSUN TINDAL DI SABAH

Salbiah Kindoyop — 2023-12-15

Etnik Dusun Tindal merupakan salah satu rumpun KadazanDusun yang menetap di daerah Kota Belud Sabah. Etnik ini kaya dengan amalan budaya dan adat tradisi yang masih diwarisi sehingga kini. Antara warisan yang masih diamalkan adalah penghasilan seni kraf tangan tradisi. Daerah Kota Belud yang kaya dengan sumber alam seperti pokok bambu, rotan, tumbuhan dan tanah liat menjadi pendorong kepada masyarakatnya untuk menghasilkan produk-produk kraf tangan tradisi yang bersumberkan alam semula jadi. Antara seni kraf tradisi yang dihasilkan adalah bakul nurod dan sisiri, wakid, basung, sirung, barait, kinulung, kobog dan kuron. Penghasilan produk kraf tradisi ini melalui proses pengurusan daripada tukang kraf sehinggalah proses penjualan yang melibatkan pengusaha dan Perbadanan Kemajuan Kraftangan Sabah. Ketiga-tiga kumpulan ini saling berperanan dalam pengurusan kraf tangan bagi penghasilan produk, penjualan, pemasaran dan pengkomersialannya. Kajian yang berasaskan kerja lapangan dilakukan melalui pemerhatian dan temu bual untuk mengumpul maklumat kraf tangan etnik Dusun Tindal Kota Belud dengan memberi tumpuan kepada tukang kraf, pengusaha kraf dan peranan Perbadanan Kemajuan Kraftangan Sabah. Hasil analisis mendapati bahawa tukang kraf, pengusaha kraf serta Perbadanan Kemajuan Kraftangan Sabah adalah kumpulan yang terlibat dalam pengurusan seni kraf tradisi ini. Oleh itu, pengkaji merumuskan bahawa pengurusan seni kraf tangan dalam kajian ini penting untuk tujuan dokumentasi ke arah inovasi dan kemajuan hasil produknya.

UNDERSTANDING OF GENERATIVE ART WITH ‘PYTHON’ PROGRAMMING

Teddy Marius Soikun — 2023-12-15

The article uses the Python programming language to introduce generative arts as an alternative to conventional art and design. Understanding generative arts in the age of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is seen as a way forward to remain relevant. Through the use of a practice-based research methodology, the article explores principles, processes, and tools for generating art through coding. Practical samples are used to demonstrate the potential of generative art through basic coding examples. This research also highlights the role of generative art in fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and transcending the boundaries of conventional art forms.

AN ARTISTIC REVIEW OF SELECTED MUSICAL WORKS BY INTERCULTURAL COMPOSERS

Elvin Dainal — 2023-12-17

It is natural to make new music compositions as self-expression but as a strength of self-identity as a music composer. However, are there things that need to be taken into account if an intercultural approach is applied to create new works? References to previous composers’ works are very important in helping to develop the ideological direction of a composer’s thoughts. Therefore, this article is written to analyze and discuss a few selected music composers who use intercultural approaches in their musical language. In line with the qualitative design, this artistic review applies an interpretive content analysis approach to works from selected music composers. The results of the analysis and further discussion have given the view that intercultural composers create their music by (i) combining or adapting elements in their own cultures with external cultures, and (ii) applying compositional music techniques according to the composer’s musical genre.

EMPOWERING THE ARTS: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF THEATRICAL ACTIVITIES IN PEACE BUILDING FOR HIGH-RISK CHILDREN

Pravina Manoharan — 2023-12-17

This study delves into theatre's role in peacebuilding efforts targeting high-risk children, with a special focus on two projects in Penang, Malaysia. These projects sought to address several key inquiries: firstly, what is the significance of peacebuilding projects for high-risk children, secondly, what theatre activities are suitable for creating peacebuilding projects for high-risk children and thirdly, how can children empower the arts through theatre activities. "High-risk children" here refers to Rohingya refugee children, who are casualties of ethnic unrest in Myanmar, and children from Penang Shan Home, who face challenges like family issues and neglect. These children bring with them layers of untold stories, and the two different research projects posit theatre as a suitable intervention platform towards peacebuilding and a space for children empower the arts through their voices. This is an action-based research that employed a variety of methodologies, including theatre-based processes, interviews, observational techniques, and the collection of children’s reflections that culminated in two stage productions namely Jungle Book The Musical and Sang Kancil Speaks: Strange Times in Alam Rimba. The research yielded promising outcomes as the children in both projects put on a one hour production entirely in English, a medium of instruction many of them were uncomfortable with prior to the project. Reflections from the respective teachers and the children themselves revealed that there was positive change overall from the children’s behaviour, communication skills, their interaction with one another and with their teachers.

FORMAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN MELANCHOLY AND GRIEF THEMED REALISTIC PORTRAITURE

Ngu Mei Cui — 2023-12-17

When emotions such as melancholia and grief are expressed in paintings, elements and principles of art are being applied to achieve the desirable visual outcome. In this study, nine melancholy portraits have been chosen to be analyzed and interpreted through formal analysis. Every artwork has recognized to have their respective prominent elements and principles of art that creates their own kind of unique impression of emotions intended.

MALAY PROVERBS VISUAL CULTURE: TRENDS AND PATTERNS THROUGH BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Siti Nabilah Yusuf — 2023-12-17

Proverbs and folklore shape civilization and mankind over time. A non-tangible national art and cultural heritage, Malay proverbs carry the wisdom from the elder generation to their predecessors by defining a specific civilization. Sanskrit proverbs and Malay proverbs have some similarities. Young people use graphic digital media to consume, entertain, and interact. Future scholars can utilise the study to learn more about the field's current state. This study used Bibliometric Analysis to examine the relationship between visual graphics, digital media, and Malay Proverb from 2000 to 2023. Scopus and Lens.org provided 178 papers for study. To add context, this document includes the year, writer, keyword, and country. This study only accepts peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and books. Publication year, authors, journal/conference/book titles, abstracts, keywords, and citations will be extracted. For analysis, Scopus and lens.org provided publication year, journal/conference/book title, authors, keywords abstract, and citation information. The study found that Malay Proverb research has consistently expanded, peaking at 20 articles in 2020. The trend and development in research on Malay Proverb and graphic digital media from 2000 to 2023 shows the study of Malay Proverb as a medium of communication and expression and its integration with current graphic digital media.

INTERPRETATIONS OF SYLVESTER JUSSEM PAINTING THROUGH ORGANIC UNITY APPROACHES

Junior Kimwah — 2023-12-17

Painting is a fine artwork used in conveying the message to art enthusiasts. In this context, the abstract expressionism painting by Sylvester Jussem, a Sarawakian-born child has produced iconic images of the state of Sarawak. In this writing debates the image of nature that is the source of the painter's inspiration and explains the use of the Organic Unity approach in identifying the message highlighted by the painter. The components discussed are the subject, form and meaning in an effort to give understanding to the painting. The artistic process is discussed so that the reader can identify the techniques used such as impasto, scrapping and rough brush strokes. Sylvester Jussem painting gives a more dynamic perspective of beauty with bold and confident colours.

KONSEP DAN STRUKTUR PERSEMBAHAN DALAM RITUAL MAMAPAK ETNIK RUNGUS DI SABAH

Esterlina Moo Chin Len Lazarus — 2023-12-18

ABSTRAK

Kertas ini membincangkan konsep dan struktur persembahan ritual mamapak yang berkaitan secara langsung dengan Pesta Magahau etnik Rungus. Kehidupan harian etnik Rungus dahulu terikat dengan amalan kepercayaan tradisi, adat istiadat dan juga pantang larang yang telah diwarisi. Melaksanakan ritual mamapak sebelum mengadakan sebarang bentuk keramaian atau pesta adalah wajib dilakukan bagi tujuan keselamatan dan perlindungan mereka daripada gangguan kuasa-kuasa ghaib. Dengan demikian, perayaan hanya akan dijalankan setelah upacara ritual selesai dilaksanakan. Objektif kajian ini adalah menjelaskan konsep dan bentuk asal struktur persembahan ritual mamapak. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif yang melibatkan kaedah perpustakaan dan kerja lapangan seperti temu bual berfokus, pemerhatian dan rakaman audio visual. Hasil pemerhatian dan analisis mendapati bahawa faktor perkembangan dan penerimaan agama Kristian dalam kalangan etnik Rungus telah mengubah kepercayaan lama dan amalan tradisional sebelumnya. Seterusnya, mengadaptasi persembahan tradisi kepada bentuk yang relevan dan sejajar dengan kehidupan semasa etnik Rungus. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dapat menerangkan konsep dan struktur persembahan ritual mamapak etnik Rungus, dan memastikan kelestarian warisan tradisi untuk tatapan generasi Rungus seterusnya.

Kata Kunci: Ritual mamapak, struktur persembahan, Rungus, tradisional, Sabah

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the concept and structure of the Mamapak ritual performance that is directly related to the Magahau festival of Rungus ethnicity. The daily life of the Rungus ethnic group used to be tied to the practice of traditional beliefs, customs and taboos that had been inherited. Performing the Mamapak ritual before holding any kind of gathering or party is mandatory for the purpose of their safety and protection from the interference of supernatural forces. Thus, the celebration will only be carried out after the ritual ceremony has been completed. The objective of this study is to explain the concept and original form of the Mamapak ritual presentation structure. This study uses a qualitative methodology involving library methods and field work such as focused interviews, observations and audio visual recordings. The results of observation and analysis found that factors of the development and acceptance of Christianity among the Rungus ethnic group have changed the old beliefs and previous traditional practices. Next, adapt the traditional performance to a form that is relevant and in line with the current life of the Rungus ethnic group. Accordingly, this study can explain the concept and structure of the Mamapak ritual performance of Rungus ethnicity, and ensure the sustainability of traditional heritage for the next generation of Rungus.

Keywords: Mamapak ritual, performance structure, Rungus, traditional, Sabah

UNDERSTANDING HEALTHCARE SIGNAGE PREFERENCES AND EFFECTIVENESS: A SURVEY OF MEDICAL STAFF AND ELDERLY RESIDENTS IN KOTA KINABALU

Chou En-I — 2023-12-18

Hospital signage systems are being assessed for patient guidance. Healthcare signage must be functional to help patients, visitors, and staff navigate medical facilities. The respondents' medical expertise and medical terminology are used to analyse their perceptions of healthcare signs. A thorough analysis of 500 survey participants' preferences and proposals for enhancing healthcare signage, especially in Kota Kinabalu hospitals, was conducted. This survey comprised medical professionals and the general people, both medically literate and untrained. The results showed that text and symbols were the most popular signage type. Those with medical knowledge also knew more English medical terms. Medical professionals were more familiar with such terms. Most responders followed signs and asked for directions around the facility. Many respondents were confused if existing signage could help the blind or illiterate. Despite this confusion, respondents found hospital signs clear and well-placed. However, they proposed adding more symbols, colours, standardised designs, simple vocabulary, and temporary signage to improve efficacy, simplicity, visibility, standardisation, and nomenclature. A study found that enhancing visual contrast, readability, and simplicity improves hospital signage for users. It offers suggestions for improving hospital signage to serve varied patient groups.

WANITA DALAM CERPEN WADAH 1986-1990: SUATU PERSPEKTIF FEMINIS

Norsuhaila Sulaiman — 2023-12-18

ABSTRAK

Perutusan cerpen yang memanifestasikan kehidupan manusia menerusi tema, plot, latar, sudut pandangan, watak dan perwatakan. Unsur intrinsik cerpen seperti watak dan perwatakan berperanan penting merakamkan pemikiran, sesuai dengan peredaran zaman. Seiring itu, watak dan perwatakan wanita seringkali menjadi watak utama terutama dalam karya yang ditulis oleh pengarang wanita. Watak wanita ditampilkan mengikut kesesuaian dan fokus yang diingini pengarang. Watak wanita dalam cerpen diwakili wanita berkerjaya, ibu, isteri atau gadis yang menuntut cabaran selari dengan budaya hidup. Tulisan ini adalah kajian terhadap watak wanita yang diketengahkan dalam cerpen khususnya dalam koleksi Wadah yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1986-1990 oleh Dewan Bahasa Pustaka cawangan Sabah. Analisis watak gadis difokuskan kepada empat cerpen Wadah terpilih yang dihasilkan oleh penulis Sabah. Antaranya, cerpen ‘Perempuan Tua’ (Oktober 1986) oleh Sitti Rahmah atau Intan Sitti Azierah G, cerpen ‘Perhitungan’ (Mac/Jun 1989) oleh Maznah Sulaiman, cerpen ‘Serelung Hati Sang Sutradara’ (Mac 1990) oleh Sairah Haji Antin, dan cerpen ‘Hantaran’ (September 1990) oleh Siti Faridah Bandar. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan perspektif feminis oleh Cheri Register, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Dapatan kajian memperlihatkan watak dan perwatakan seorang gadis yang berani sebagai pemaparan wanita peribumi sebelum millenia.

Kata kunci: Cerpen, feminis, wanita, majalah Wadah

ABSTRACT

Life is manifested in short stories through the themes, plots, settings, point of view, and characters in a short story. Intrinsic elements of short stories such as characters play an important role in recording the reflections of the time. This is especially true of female characters as protagonists, especially in works written by female authors themselves. Female characters in short stories are represented by career women, mothers, wives, or girls who face challenges above and beyond the expectations of their gender. This article is a study of the female characters featured in short stories, especially in the Wadah collection published in 1986-1990 by the Sabah branch of Dewan Bahasa Pustaka. The analysis of female characters is focused on four selected Wadah short stories written by Sabah female writers. Among them are the short story 'Old Woman' (October 1986) by Sitti Rahmah or Intan Sitti Azierah G, the short story 'Perhitungan' (March/June 1989) by Maznah Sulaiman, 'Serelung Hati Sang Sutradara' (March 1990) by Sairah Haji Antin, and the short story 'Hantaran' (September 1990) by Siti Faridah Bandar. This study applies a feminist perspective by Cheri Register to analyze the female characters who negotiate the angst of their roles as mothers, wives, and daughters in a predominantly male-orientated local society. The findings highlight the subtle rebellion, retaliation, and repression displayed by the indigenous female character even before millennia which attests to the rise of or presence of female consciousness among the local indigenous females.

Keywords: Short stories, feminists, Sabah women, Wadah

PEMBANGUNAN KEMAHIRAN KEPIMPINAN PELAJAR MELALUI LATIHAN LAKON TEATER

Mazrona Kalinggalan — 2023-12-18

ABSTRAK

Kajian ini melihat bagaimana kesan pendekatan persiapan latihan pelakon dalam membantu meningkatkan kemahiran kepimpinan pelajar. Ia dijalankan kepada 35 responden terdiri pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi selama 14 minggu. Kaedah kajian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kajian dipungut melalui dua kaedah iaitu temubual kumpulan fokus dan hasil soal selidik sebelum dan selepas pelaksanaan modul. Analisis dapatan bagi temubual kumpulan fokus dijalankan menggunakan teknik pengekodan mengikut sub atribut yang digariskan dalam kemahiran kepimpinan dengan merujuk kepada Modul Pembangunan Kemahiran Insaniah Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi. Manakala data soal selidik dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for The Social Sciences (SPSS) dengan menggunakan Ujian T-Test bagi melihat perbandingan sebelum dan selepas pelaksanaan latihan pelakon terhadap responden yang terlibat. Hasil analisis kedua-dua kaedah menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan dalam pembangunan kemahiran kepimpinan dalam kalangan responden terlibat setelah melalui latihan persiapan pelakon.

Kata kunci: latihan lakon, kemahiran insaniah, kemahiran kepimpinan, teater dan kepimpinan.

ABSTRACT

This research investigated the impact of the actor's training preparation approach on the development of leadership skills among students. It was administered for fourteen weeks to 35 respondents who were enrolled in institutions of higher education. The methodology of the investigation incorporates qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data for this study were gathered via two distinct approaches: focus group interviews and questionnaire responses obtained both prior to and subsequent to the module's implementation. Coding techniques were utilised to analyse the results of the focus group interviews in accordance with the sub-attributes delineated in the “Modul Pembangunan Kemahiran Insaniah Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi”. The questionnaire data were analysed utilising the T-test in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software in order to compare the responses before and after the actor training was implemented. The findings derived from the evaluation of both approaches indicate that the participants' leadership capabilities improve significantly subsequent to completing actor preparation training.

Keywords: acting training, soft skills, leadership skills, theater and leadership.

The Role of English Fiction in North Borneo: An Analysis of Short Stories in English News Dailies from 1949 to 1963

Alvin Azril Mahat — 2023-12-18

ABSTRACT

The focus of this paper is the role of English news dailies published from 1949-1963 in North Borneo during the British North Borneo Company (BNBC) administration which began its operations in Sandakan from 1881 to 1941. This paper aims to uncover the cultural expression, social commentary, and political discourse, offering a glimpse into the concerns, and aspirations of the local community through an analysis of short stories published in two particular English News dailies which is 'Anak Sabah' and 'North Borneo News,' A mixed-methods approach that utilizes Stephen Greenblatt’s (2000),(2005) New Historicism and archival analysis, textual analysis, and content analysis is employed to achieve the objectives of this research. Because historicism, history, and literature are intertwined (Bakar et al., 2022) it is and short stories have a rich and enduring history, akin to a perennial river that flows with renewed vigour and an ever-expanding array of variations (Thambi Jose, 2019), the findings will unravel the connections between the fiction in the non-fiction world that influenced the social cultural contexts that shaped the literary heritage of Sabah.

Keywords: Short stories, English News Dailies, British North Borneo Company, new historicism.

IMPLEMENTING THE NAXI ETHNIC CLOTHING ELEMENTS IN MODERN OUTFIT DESIGNS

Qiu Qilu — 2023-12-18

ABSTRACT

China's ancient ethnic minority clothes contain remarkable cultural elements, and among its treasures is the unique Naxi dress, the nation's oldest-standing traditional ethnic clothing. This study analyses the traditional Naxi clothing's structure, colour, fabric, motif characteristics, and accessories. These studies specify traditional Naxi clothing as the primary goal, which is fashioned in contemporary ways. Through an investigation of clothing composition and culture, the four main elements that constitute Naxi costumes should be applied to contemporary clothes. Firstly, the term "variability" designates a distinct style that differs in appearance depending on the way it is dressed. Secondly, the term 'colour contrast' denotes a high level of visual contrast. Third, material difference' integrates various materials into one. Fourth,' symbolic meaning' provides meaning to the wearer. As a consequence of this research, two modern clothing outfits were created with the implication of the unique character of Naxi costume clothes as a fashion design product, based on the traditional cultural characteristics of the Naxi people. By integrating components of traditional Naxi clothing and emphasising innovation, this study investigates and offers novel ideas for contemporary clothing design while simultaneously preserving traditional cultural elements for future generations.

Keywords: Naxi people, Naxi traditional costumes, cultural elements, modern appeal

TARIAN PINAKANG DALAM MAJLIS MONGUKAS: SATU MANIFESTASI ADAT ETNIK KIMARAGANG DI DAERAH KOTA MARUDU, SABAH

Victor Pangayan — 2023-12-27

ABSTRAK

Etnik Kimaragang merupakan salah satu penutur bahasa dusunik yang bernaung dibawah rumpun Kadazan Dusun dan banyak mendiami kawasan dataran tanah tinggi dan juga kawasan lembah di Daerah Kota Marudu dan Pitas. Sehingga kini, etnik Kmaragang masih menarikan tarian Pinakang dalam semua acara keramaian termassuk acara Mongukas. Acara mongukass diadakan bagi memperingati kematian oleh ahli keluarga dan waris. Dalam acara ini, tarian Pinakang wajib dipersembahkan bagi memeriahkan majlis tersebut. Tarian Pinakang yang dipersembahkan adalah sebuaha manifestasi adat etnik Kimaragang yang sudah kurang dihayati oleh generasi modern. Oleh itu, data secara in-depth interview dikutip terhadap beberapa orang informan utama dan kaedah analisis diskriptif digunakkan bagi mengungkapkan isi sebenar data yang diperolehi.

Kata Kunci: Etnik Kimaragang, Tarian Pinakang, Mongukas, Adat, Kepercayaan

ABSTRACT

The Kimaragang ethnic group is one of the Dusunic language speakers who live under the Kadazan Dusun group, and many of them live in the hills and valleys of the Kota Marudu and Pitas Districts. Until now, the Pinakang dance has attracted the Kmaragang ethnic group throughout all public occasions, including the Mongukas ceremony. The Mongukas ceremony is organized to remember family members and heirs who have died. To bring the celebration to life, the Pinakang dance must be perform. The Pinakang dance reflects Kimaragang ethnic practices that the current generation has overlooked. As a result, in-depth interview data from multiple key informants was collected, and descriptive analytic methods were utilized to describe the substance of the actual data obtained.

Keywords: Kimaragang Ethnic, Pinakang Dance, Mongukas, Customs, Beliefs