Labuan e-Journal of Muamalat and Society (LJMS)

FACTORS INFLUENCING USER SATISFACTION ON THE E-FILING TAX RETURN IN MALAYSIA: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Nurjeehan Ayub — 2024-01-04

The Inland Revenue Board (IRB) started the e-government programme, which includes Electronic Tax Filing (ETF), at the beginning of 2006 to solve issues with the manual filing method. The government of Malaysia strives to ensure a transparent and accurate execution of the law, which encourages intentional compliance and electronic filing to increase competitiveness, save time and cut costs. Still, putting in place an information system is only deemed successful if users continue to utilise it after initial adoption. In earlier Malaysian studies on user satisfaction, using an e-filing system was found to have a strong association with a person's perception of risk. Nevertheless, evidence pertinent to the relationship between the untraceable claim and the receipt and user satisfaction is marginal and inclusive. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual framework to understand the effect of untraceable claim and receipt, service quality and responsiveness on e-filling user satisfaction. The main motivation of this study is to increase user satisfaction with the e-filling system. From the synthesis of the literature review, the study identified untraceable claims and receipts, service quality and responsiveness that influence user satisfaction with e-filling. The study contributes to our understanding of the factors that influence user satisfaction with the system. This work is based on a conceptual framework that has not yet been empirically tested. Generally, this study provides a fresh fact for the practitioner concerning e-filling user satisfaction.

FACTORS THAT COULD INFLUENCE THE INTENTION OF WAQIF TO CONTRIBUTE TO WAQF FOR FOOD SECURITY PURPOSES

Mastura Baharuddin — 2024-01-04

The increase in the population in developing countries, specifically Malaysia, poses a threat to food security. This study’s interest lies in observing the prospects for food security of rice as Malaysia’s staple food. Malaysia has been producing insufficient rice for ten years and over a quarter of the needs of rice in Malaysia is fulfilled by imported rice. Few studies have recommended widely implementing waqf for food security purposes in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to determine the factors that could influence the intention of waqif to contribute in waqf for food security purposes. This study is deductive research and quantitative research. The finding shows that moral norms, personal responsibility, social norms, and normative beliefs have influenced the intention of waqif to contribute to waqf. This study aims to add literature on the factors that could influence waqif’s intention to contribute to waqf for food security purposes in Malaysia. One of the research limitations in this study pertained to the geographical coverage of the respondents, as they were not representative of all the states in Malaysia. This limitation was primarily attributed to the resource-intensive nature of time and expenses.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTENTION OF YOUNG INVESTORS TO INVEST IN AMANAH SAHAM BUMIPUTERA FIXED PRICE UNIT TRUST IN SABAH

Sarmizah Md Kasanon — 2024-01-04

The focus of this research is to investigate the factors that influence young investors’ intention to invest in Amanah Saham Bumiputera fixed-price unit trust. In this study, intention focuses on young investors selecting Amanah Saham Bumiputera as one of their wealth accumulation platforms. Using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a baseline theory, this study proposes attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control and awareness as factors influencing the intention to invest in Amanah Saham Bumiputera (ASB) unit trust. Using a sample of 150 respondents among young Bumiputera investors, this study tested the causal pathway of factors that influence young investor’s intention to invest in Amanah Saham Bumiputera fixed-price unit trust. SmartPLS software was used to conduct the analysis and it was found that all hypotheses have positive relationship towards intention to invest in Amanah Saham Bumiputera fixed-price unit trust. This research adds to the body of knowledge in offering theoretical support of TPB and broadening the understanding on the field of unit trust. The findings also show that attitude has the biggest influence factor affecting young investors to invest in ASB. Hence, this research offers practical insights that potential investors might use to discover investment opportunities in the future.

A REVIEW OF FINANCING AND HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AMONG MICRO ENTERPRISES IN AFGHANISTAN

Naqibullah Haqbin — 2023-12-31

This paper's primary objective is to investigate the obstacles related to financing and human capital development that hinder the growth of micro enterprises (MEs) and their contribution to the overall economic progress of Afghanistan. Evidently, MEs in this country are grappling with significant financing challenges, including high financing costs, stringent collateral requirements, rigorous documentation criteria, the need for comprehensive business plans, and the necessity for robust financial records. Moreover, MEs are also confronting issues related to human capital development, such as a lack of administrative and managerial skills, inadequacies in training courses and programs, low levels of education, limited entrepreneurship knowledge, and financial literacy. Despite the Afghan government's efforts to address these financial and human capital development issues, they continue to impede the growth of MEs. Consequently, this study seeks to conduct a comprehensive examination of these challenges through content analysis. By shedding light on these problems, this research aims to offer clear insights and recommendations for addressing the issues related to financing and human capital development in Afghanistan

PROPOSING AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR FINANCING MICRO ENTERPRISES IN AFGHANISTAN

Naqibullah Haqbin — 2023-12-31

The advancement of Micro-Enterprises (MEs) holds significant value in a nation such as Afghanistan, where MEs form a substantial portion of the private sector and play a pivotal role in fostering the country's economic development. Notwithstanding the acknowledged significance of MEs, securing adequate financial support for them remains an onerous task. It is evident that MEs in Afghanistan confront formidable financing hurdles, encompassing exorbitant borrowing costs, stringent collateral prerequisites, rigorous documentation mandates, the necessity for comprehensive business blueprints, and the imperative need for robust financial record-keeping. Unfortunately, a considerable portion of these MEs find it difficult to meet these requisites, consequently perpetuating their challenges in procuring external financing. Consequently, this study introduces an innovative model termed the Integrated Qardhul Hasan and Equity-based Micro Enterprise Development (IQEMD) model. The study critically surveys pertinent literature related to the issues MEs encounter when attempting to secure financing, including Qardhul Hasan and equity-based financing, and utilizes these insights to formulate the IQEMD model. This model is designed not only to alleviate the external financing conundrum faced by MEs but also to enhance their overall performance and amplify their contributions to the national economic landscape. The study culminates with a prospective recommendation for further exploration in this domain.

ANALISIS KONTRAK PERJANJIAN CUTI BELAJAR SEBUAH UNIVERSITI (PCBU) IPTA DI MALAYSIA: ANALISIS AKAD (KONTRAK) DARI SUDUT MUAMALAT

Hazmi Dahlan — 2024-01-04

Usury is likely to occur in the loans of public servants in Malaysia, especially among university lecturers. The research of the contract was done through the actual contract and found that there was an element of ribawi. This contract change needs to be in line with our country which is developing the concept of "Civil" and is also known as a world-renowned Islamic banking practitioner in line with the ultimate prohibition of the practice of usury since the revelation of the Qur'an because its effects damage human relationships and affect economic justice. The researcher specializes in analytical research on scholarship or loan contracts for university staff based on the experience that several lecturers have gone through in reality through the contracts they have signed. The Islamic Jurisprudence and It's Evidences Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa-Adillatuh from imam Wahbah al-Zuhaili, the main reference of this study as a step to help provide a proposal for a sharia-friendly contract so that a suitable module can be used to avoid usury without conscious.

CONCEPTUAL INSIGHTS ON FACTORS SHAPING TAKAFUL TECHNOLOGY (TAKATECH) ADOPTION IN MALAYSIA

Haneffa Muchlis Gazali — 2023-12-31

The takaful and insurance industry is profoundly transformed, driven by rapid advancements in digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT). While InsurTech has revolutionised traditional insurance practices, the acceptance of Takaful Technology (TakaTech) among consumers in Malaysia remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the determinants of TakaTech adoption, focusing on attitude, subjective norm, relative benefit, and FinTech knowledge. The research is grounded in an extensive literature review and a conceptual framework analysis, drawing from an established Theory of Reasoned Action with relative benefit and Fintech knowledge. This study contributes to understanding consumer behaviour in the takaful industry, addressing a notable gap in current research. The identified determinants offer a detailed comprehension that can guide policymakers and market participants in refining marketing tactics. Takaful companies, armed with insights into customer viewpoints, can strategically promote products, increase market share, and expand commercial operations. It is essential to acknowledge the study's limitations. The conceptual nature precludes the establishment of causal linkages, and the proposed elements are derived from theoretical frameworks. Practical implications include the potential improvement of marketing efforts by tailoring strategies to customer preferences, thereby fostering TakaTech adoption. In conclusion, this research lays the groundwork for future empirical studies in the relatively unexplored field of Takaful Technology. Subsequent inquiries should examine additional factors and provide empirical evidence to authenticate the proposed conceptual framework. These efforts are vital for advancing knowledge in the expanding field of Takaful Technology, promoting continuous growth and innovation within the takaful industry

THE IMPACT OF ADVERTISING EXPENDITURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ISLAMIC BANKS IN MALAYSIA

Maisyarah Stapah@Salleh — 2023-12-31

This paper investigates the impact of advertising expenditure on the performance of Islamic banks in Malaysia. A static panel data employed to analyse the data gathered from each Islamic banks annual report over the period of 2008 to 2021. The finding reveals that advertising expenditure (InADT) has significant impact on both Return On Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE) where the higher the advertising expenditure, the higher the ROA and ROE. Logarithm of the bank net income (lnINC) also has the same significant relationship towards ROA and ROE. On the other hand, logarithm of total financing (InTF) significant only to ROE while logarithm of total costumer deposit (lnDEP) not significant to both ROA and ROE. In conclusion, the Islamic banks need to spend on advertising expenditure to boost its performance. At the same time, the management of the Islamic banks need to carefully plan their advertising strategy based on the segmentation of the customers in order to increase the performance of the Islamic banks. Meanwhile, future study may include macroeconomic variables in the model, investigate the impact of InADT towards conventional banks in Malaysia and examine the long-run impact of advertisement expenditure on the banking performance.