https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/issue/feedMANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa 2025-06-17T16:10:55+08:00Prof. Dr Asmiaty Amatmanu@ums.edu.myOpen Journal Systems<div> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>MANU </strong>is published annually in June and December by the MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. With its inaugural issue printed in 1998, the Journal witnessed the publication of Volume 34 in 2023. MANU invites the submission of articles and book reviews in academic disciplines related to Humanities, such as Modern Languages, Literature, History, Philosophy, Religion, Visual and Performing Arts, Communication Studies, and Cultural Studies. We particularly welcome manuscripts that focus on Malaysia and Southeast Asia issues. Only manuscripts written either in Bahasa Melayu or the English Language will be considered for publication. MANU is indexed by the Malaysian Citation Index (MYCITE). MANU is also aiming to be indexed in SCOPUS in the near future.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>ISSN: 1511-1989 / e-ISSN: 2590-4086</strong></p> <p style="float: left;"> </p> </div>https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/6493ELEMEN PEMIKIRAN DALAM NOVEL KOMSAS TINGKATAN 5 BERDASARKAN TEORI SPB4K2025-06-12T09:32:10+08:00ROHAYATI JUNAIDIrohayati@fbk.upsi.edu.myMADIAWATI MAMAT @ MUSTAFFArohayati@fbk.upsi.edu.myNORAZIMAH ZAKARIArohayati@fbk.upsi.edu.my<p><strong>Abstrak </strong>Karya sastera merupakan wadah penting bagi penulis untuk menyampaikan pelbagai bentuk pemikiran yang dapat memberikan ilmu dan manfaat kepada masyarakat. Aspek yang digarap dalam karya sastera amat signifikan untuk diteliti kerana masyarakat dapat mengetahui aspek-aspek yang memberi kesan terhadap pembangunan masyarakat. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aspek pemikiran yang terkandung dalam novel-novel Komponen Sastera (KOMSAS) Tingkatan 5, iaitu <em>Bimasakti Menari</em> (2015) karya Sri Rahayu Mohd Yusop, <em>Tirani </em>(2015) karya Beb Sabariah, <em>Silir Daksina</em> (2010) karya Nizar Parman, dan <em>Songket Berbenang Emas </em>(2016) karya Khairuddin Ayip. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kaedah analisis kandungan dan kajian kepustakaan. Kaedah ini dipilih kerana pengumpulan dan penganalisisan data berpaksikan kandungan teks yang dianalisis menggunakan Teori Struktur Pemikiran Bersepadu Empat Komponen (SPB4K) yang diperkenalkan oleh Mohd Yusof Hasan (2012). Teori SPB4K merangkumi empat dimensi utama pemikiran, iaitu pemikiran kerohanian, pemikiran kebitaraan, pemikiran kesaintifikan dan pemikiran kekreatifan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa watak, perwatakan dan peristiwa yang digambarkan dalam teks-teks KOMSAS yang dikaji sarat dengan elemen pemikiran kesaintifikan, kekreatifan, kebitaraan dan kerohanian. Keempat-empat dimensi pemikiran ini berperanan sebagai wahana penting dalam pembentukan modal insan melalui karya sastera. Hal ini diperlihatkan menerusi pemaparan nilai agama yang bertunjangkan al-quran dan sunnah, watak dan perwatakan yang memiliki ciri-ciri individu cemerlang, pelbagai ilmu pengetahuan sebagai nilai tambah dan nilai kreativiti dalam pembentukan karya. Namun, aspek kerohanian dan kebitaraan yang paling dominan dalam keempat-empat teks KOMSAS. Penerapan keempat-empat elemen pemikiran tersebut diharap dapat memberi nilai tambah dalam pembangunan modal insan dalam kalangan generasi muda. Kesimpulannya, teks KOMSAS yang dipilih sebagai teks KOMSAS mengandungi pelbagai bentuk pemikiran yang lahir daripada buah fikiran dan kreativiti penulis. Pemikiran-pemikiran ini berperanan sebagai wadah untuk menyampaikan maklumat, nilai dan ilmu pengetahuan kepada pembaca.</p> <p><strong><em>Abstract </em></strong><em>Literary works serve as a vital medium for writers to convey various forms of thought that can impart knowledge and provide benefits to society. The elements embedded in literature are significant for academic inquiry, as they offer insights into values and ideas that influence societal development. Accordingly, this study aims to analyse the dimensions of thought embedded in selected Form Five literary component (KOMSAS) novels, namely Bimasakti Menari (2015) by Sri Rahayu Mohd Yusop, Tirani (2015) by Beb Sabariah, Silir Daksina (2010) by Nizar Parman, and Songket Berbenang Emas (2016) by Khairuddin Ayip. This study applies a qualitative approach using content analysis and literature review methods. These methods were selected as the data collection and analysis are centred on the textual content of the novels, guided by the Theory of Integrated Thought Structure with Four Components (SPB4K) proposed by Mohd Yusof Hasan (2012). The SPB4K theory comprises four main dimensions of thought: spiritual thought, exemplary thought, scientific thought, and creative thought. The findings indicate that the characters, characterisation, and events portrayed in the selected KOMSAS texts are rich with elements of scientific, creative, exemplary, and spiritual thought. These four dimensions serve as crucial instruments in shaping human capital through literary works. This is evident in the portrayal of religious values rooted in the Qur’an and Sunnah, characters with exemplary traits, the inclusion of diverse forms of knowledge as value-added elements, and creative expression in literary construction. However, spiritual and exemplary thoughts emerged as the most dominant aspects across all four novels. The integration of these four elements is hoped to contribute added value to the development of human capital among the younger generation. In conclusion, the KOMSAS text selected showcases diverse perspectives originating from the author’s intellectual insights and creative expression. These elements function as effective vehicles for transmitting knowledge, values, and information to readers.</em></p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/6494KESELAMATAN MAKANAN: PEMETAAN PENANAMAN SEMULA KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAD DATU, SABAH.2025-06-12T10:06:19+08:00MOHAMAD IKHRAM MOHAMAD RIDZUANikhram@ums.edu.myAMRULLAH MARAININGikhram@ums.edu.my<p><strong>Abstrak </strong></p> <p>Pengeksploitasian guna tanah melalui penanaman kelapa sawit di Lahad Datu merupakan isu yang kompleks. Hal ini kerana bukan sahaja mewujudkan pelbagai kesan terhadap alam sekitar, ekonomi dan masyarakat setempat tetapi juga berkait rapat dengan isu keselamatan makanan. Penanaman kelapa sawit secara besar-besaran menyebabkan pengurangan tanah pertanian makanan seperti padi, sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan. Situasi ini akhirnya menjejaskan ketersediaan makanan dan menyebabkan peningkatan import makanan dari luar negara. Selain itu penanaman kelapa sawit secara besar-besaran turut menyebabkan kemerosotan kualiti tanah dan menjadikan kurang sesuai untuk penanaman pelbagai jenis tanaman yang penting untuk keseimbangan diet dan keselamatan makanan. Objektif utama makalah ialah pemetaan semula penanaman kelapa sawit dengan melibatkan pendekatan yang lebih strategik dalam menguruskan tanah untuk memastikan kelangsungan industri kelapa sawit disamping memelihara keselamatan makanan dan alam sekitar. Kajian mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif dan teknik pemerhatian di lapangan. Bagi mendapatkan hasil kajian yang komprehensif, kajian turut mengaplikasikan teknik penyeliaan analisis yang terdiri daripada pemetaan guna tanah dan litupan tanah (LULC) dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). Kajian mendapati bahawa pengurusan tanah yang lebih seimbang dapat mengurangkan kesan negatif seperti kemerosotan kualiti tanah, kehilangan habitat, mempromosikan kepelbagaian tanaman di kawasan kelapa sawit, peningkatan pengeluaran makanan tempatan, pengurangan kebergantungan kepada import makanan dan peningkatan ketahanan terhadap krisis makanan.</p> <p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p> <p><em>Exploitation of land use through oil palm cultivation in Lahad Datu is a complex issue. This is because it not only creates various impacts on the environment, economy, and local communities but is also closely related to food security issues. The large-scale cultivation of oil palm has led to a reduction in agricultural land for food crops such as rice, vegetables, and fruits. This situation ultimately affects food availability and leads to increased food imports from abroad. Additionally, large-scale oil palm cultivation has also led to the degradation of soil quality, making it less suitable for growing a variety of crops that are important for a balanced diet and food security.. The main objective of this paper is to remap oil palm cultivation by involving a more strategic approach to land management to ensure the sustainability of the oil palm industry while preserving food security and the environment. The study applies qualitative methods and field observation techniques. To obtain comprehensive research results, the study also applies analytical supervision techniques that include land use and land cover mapping (LULC) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study finds that more balanced land management can reduce negative impacts such as soil quality degradation, habitat loss, promote crop diversity in oil palm areas, increase local food production, reduce dependence on food imports, and enhance resilience against food crises.</em></p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/6496EXTERNAL INFLUENCES ON THE ROLES OF LUNDAYEH DANCE MUSIC IN TENOM, SABAH2025-06-12T10:49:49+08:00MAINE SUADIKmaine@ums.edu.myYUSTEN KARULUSyusten@ums.edu.myRICKY YAKUB GANANGyusten@ums.edu.myBAYRE SUADIKmaine@ums.edu.my<p><strong>Abstract</strong> Dance music has long been a fundamental aspect of Lundayeh's identity; however, external factors—such as tourism-driven commercialisation promoting cultural visibility—are increasingly shaping its role and meaning within the community. This study explores the impacts of these external forces on Lundayeh dance music, focusing on how its role and authenticity within the community are being redefined. Fieldwork was conducted across three villages in Tenom, Sabah—Kampung Sugiang Baru, Kampung Baru Jumpa, and Kampung Kalibatang Baru—where data were collected using qualitative methods, including in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observations with community members and cultural practitioners. The findings reveal a complex interaction between traditional values and contemporary influences, showing the adaptive resilience of Lundayeh dance music and the potential risks of cultural erosion. This research provides insight into the broader implications of external factors on cultural expression, highlighting the ongoing challenge of balancing heritage preservation with the acceptance of change.</p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/5599DEVELOPING SPEAKING SKILLS THROUGH FLIPPED CLASSROOM AT A SECONDARY SCHOOL IN SABAH2024-11-18T09:35:16+08:00Joenna Kassimjoennak22@gmail.comWirawati Nguiwirawati.ngui@ums.edu.my<p><em>The English language plays an essential role as it is a medium of communication used internationally. In Malaysia, English is recognised as the second language, and it is pivotal to ensure that young generations are proficient at communicating in the language. In this study, the focus was to introduce the Flipped Classroom approach to develop the speaking skills of second language learners. Hence, the objectives of this study are to investigate the speaking performance of secondary school students and to explore their perceptions following the implementation of the Flipped Classroom approach. The Flipped Classroom is a pedagogical approach that uses class time for learning activities and moves information-transmission teaching out of the class. A qualitative method was employed by using a set of open-ended questionnaires and observation in order to examine the impact of the Flipped Classroom approach on Form 2 students at a secondary school in Sabah. This qualitative study emphasises the participants’ subjective realities, experiences, and viewpoints as the outcomes of the implementation of the Flipped Classroom approach. After four meetings with the students, their speaking skills showed improvement, and they gave positive perceptions toward the approach. This study proved the potential of the Flipped Classroom approach to cultivate classroom interactions using the English language. The application of this approach can foster the development of speaking abilities among Malaysian students.</em></p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/6497HUBUNGAN KOMUNITI MURUT DI BORNEO UTARA DENGAN PERIBUMI DARI WILAYAH LUAR SEBELUM TAHUN 19632025-06-12T11:09:57+08:00EDDIE A. JULIUS edyaj1508@gmail.comDANNY WONG TZE KENdannyw@um.edu.my<p><strong>Abstrak </strong>Kajian ini meneliti hubungan antara komuniti Murut di Borneo Utara (kini Sabah) dengan komuniti peribumi dari Sarawak, Brunei dan Kalimantan sebelum tahun 1963 dengan tumpuan kepada aspek interaksi sosioekonomi dan konflik yang timbul. Masyarakat Murut yang mendominasi daerah di Residensi Pedalaman seperti Tenom, Keningau dan Pensiangan adalah sejak asalnya hidup secara mandiri, terasing dan bersifat tradisional. Namun komuniti Murut telah menerima pengaruh dan implikasi akibat daripada mobiliti masuk peribumi luar dari wilayah Sarawak, Brunei dan Kalimantan. Mobiliti masuk peribumi luar ini ke kawasan dominan Murut yang disebabkan khususnya oleh tarikan kekayaan sumber hutan telah mewujudkan interaksi sosioekonomi dan budaya melalui perdagangan, perkahwinan dan amalan perhambaan. Bagaimanapun, kedatangan komuniti peribumi luar terutamanya melibatkan suku Dayak (Iban) dari Sarawak telah mencetuskan persaingan terhadap sumber ekonomi, pelanggaran adat resam dan konflik persengketaan. Analisis menunjukkan bagaimana interaksi ini mempengaruhi sistem sosial tradisional Murut termasuk ancaman terhadap monopoli ekonomi dan keutuhan autoriti adat Murut. Kajian turut meneliti peranan pentadbiran British dalam menangani konflik persengketaan yang wujud. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan teknik heuristik terhadap sumber primer arkib dan sumber sekunder untuk memahami peristiwa mobiliti peribumi luar dan dasar kolonial terhadap komuniti Murut. Kajian lanjut dicadangkan untuk meneliti naratif lisan masyarakat serta kesan jangka panjang mobiliti masuk peribumi dari wilayah luar ini terhadap pembentukan demografi majmuk, sosioekonomi dan politik Sabah pasca tahun 1963. Penemuan kajian ini diharap dapat memberi pemahaman lebih mendalam tentang perkembangan interaksi antara komuniti Murut dengan peribumi dari wilayah luar dalam konteks sejarah sosial di Borneo Utara sebelum pembentukan Malaysia.</p> <p><strong><em>Abstract </em></strong><em>This study examines the relationship between the Murut community in North Borneo (now Sabah) and indigenous communities from Sarawak, Brunei, and Kalimantan prior to 1963 which is focusing on aspects of socioeconomic interaction and the conflicts that arose. The Murut community who dominated the Interior Residency districts such as Tenom, Keningau and Pensiangan are originally lived in isolation, independently and adhering to a traditional way of life. However, the Murut community experienced external influences and implications due to the inward mobility of indigenous peoples from Sarawak, Brunei and Kalimantan. The arrival of these external indigenous groups into Murut dominated areas are driven by the allure of the region’s abundant forest resources which led to socioeconomic and cultural interactions through trade, intermarriage and the practice of slavery. Nevertheless, the influx of these communities particularly the Dayak (Iban) community from Sarawak triggered competition over economic resources, breaches of customary traditions and territorial disputes. The analysis demonstrates how these interactions influenced the traditional social systems of the Murut including threats to their economic monopoly and the integrity of their customary authority. The study also explores the role of British administration in addressing these existing conflicts. Employing a qualitative approach with heuristic techniques were applied to primary archival sources and secondary materials to understand the events surrounding the mobility of external indigenous groups and colonial policies towards the Murut community. Further research is recommended to examine oral narratives from the community as well as the long-term effects of this external indigenous mobility on the formation of Sabah’s pluralistic demography, socioeconomic landscape and political dynamics post 1963. The findings of this study are expected to provide deeper insight into the development of interactions between the Murut community and indigenous peoples from external regions within the context of North Borneo social history before the formation of Malaysia.</em></p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/MANU/article/view/6498PENGGUNAAN UNSUR JENAKA DALAM PENGAJARAN BAHASA KADAZANDUSUN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH DAN RENDAH2025-06-12T12:16:38+08:00MINAH SINTIANminahsintian@fbk.upsi.edu.myNOEMI LINUSminahsintian@fbk.upsi.edu.myLINAH BAGUminahsintian@fbk.upsi.edu.myADELINE LEONG SUK YEEminahsintian@fbk.upsi.edu.my<p><strong>Abstrak </strong>Penggunaan unsur jenaka dalam pengajaran bahasa merupakan strategi pengajaran yang menceriakan suasana kelas. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti persepsi pelajar terhadap medium jenaka, penggunaan konsep budaya tempatan sebagai unsur jenaka dan impak penggunaan unsur jenaka dalam pengajaran Bahasa Kadazandusun (BKD) di sekolah-sekolah. Kajian menggunakan reka bentuk kualitatif ini dilaksanakan terhadap 23 orang pelajar program minor BKD di Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris yang bakal menjadi guru BKD di sekolah negeri Sabah. Data dikutip menggunakan soalan temu bual semi-struktur. Kajian mendapati medium jenaka dalam pengajaran BKD boleh dilakukan oleh guru itu sendiri dengan menggunakan bakat semulajadinya, bahan jenaka daripada elektronik dan cetak. Konsep budaya tempatan yang lucu dianggap sesuai digunakan dalam pengajaran BKD kerana bersifat autentik dan mesra pelajar. Pelajar berpandangan bahawa penggunaan unsur jenaka dalam pengajaran BKD dapat memberi impak yang positif terhadap suasana pembelajaran yang menyeronokkan dan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman murid. Kajian ini memberi implikasi terhadap perancangan, pemilihan dan pelaksanaan strategi pengajaran BKD di institusi pengajian tinggi, sekolah menengah dan sekolah rendah agar bervariasi, menyeronokkan dan membantu meningkatkan pemahaman pelajar terhadap kandungan pelajaran.</p> <p><strong><em>Abstract </em></strong><em>The use of humor in language teaching is a teaching strategy to create an enjoyable classroom environment. This study aims to identify students' perception of the medium of humor, the use of local cultural concepts as an element of humor, and the impact of the use of humor in teaching Kadazandusun Language (BKD). This study employed qualitative research on 23 students of the BKD minor program at </em><em>Sultan Idris Education University. </em><em>Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions. The findings show that the medium of humor in BKD teaching is present in the teachers themselves, apart from the humor materials in the form of electronic and print. The use of humorous local culture concepts in BKD teaching is also authentic and student-friendly. Students believe that using humor elements in BKD teaching creates a fun learning atmosphere and enhances the understanding of students. This study has implications for the planning, selection, and implementation of BKD teaching strategies in </em><em>higher education institutions, secondary schools and primary schools to be varied, enjoyable and help improve students' understanding of the lesson content.</em></p>2025-06-17T00:00:00+08:00Copyright (c) 2025