MANU Jurnal Pusat Penataran Ilmu dan Bahasa (PPIB)

BARRIERS TO ZAKAT HEALTH AID ACCESS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE AMONG ASNAF ENTREPRENEURS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF HEALTH STATUS

Aishah Tamby Omar — 2026-09-21

Abstract This study investigates the influence of barriers to zakat health aid access on entrepreneurial performance among asnaf entrepreneurs by examining both direct and indirect pathways. Specifically, it evaluates the effect of institutional barriers on health status and entrepreneurial performance, while positioning health status as a mediating mechanism linking access constraints to performance outcomes. This study integrates Human Capital Theory, Resource-Based View, and Maqasid al-Shariah to provide a holistic explanation of entrepreneurial performance within Islamic social finance. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 220 asnaf entrepreneurs engaged in micro and small business activities. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) version 4.1.1. The results indicate that barriers to zakat health aid access negatively affect entrepreneurial performance and health status. Health status significantly mediates the relationship between barriers to zakat health aid access and performance. The study contributes to the Islamic social finance and entrepreneurship literature by integrating institutional constraints and health outcomes into a unified framework. Practically, the findings highlight the need for zakat institutions to enhance the efficiency, accessibility, and responsiveness of health aid systems, while also promoting entrepreneurial resilience among beneficiaries through improved service delivery, effective outreach initiatives, and timely provision of support. This integrated approach supports sustainable livelihood development and strengthens the socio-economic impact of zakat distribution systems.

LEARNERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON THE PRODUCTION-ORIENTED APPROACH IN MALAYSIAN BEGINNER CFL CLASSROOMS

NABIHAH ALIA ABD RAHMAN — 2026-09-09

Abstract China’s economic development has contributed to growing global interest in learning Chinese. In Malaysia, strong diplomatic and economic ties with China have further increased demand for Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL). Despite this demand, many non-native learners continue to face challenges in developing communicative competence due to pedagogical and contextual factors. This study examines beginner-level Malaysian CFL learners’ perceptions of the Production-Oriented Approach (POA) in a higher education context. Data were collected from 140 undergraduates enrolled in a 14-week beginner-level CFL course using a questionnaire that explored perceptions of language proficiency and learning processes. The findings reveal a differentiated pattern of perceived development, with stronger perceived improvement in reading, writing, translation and sentence construction, and comparatively lower perceived development in speaking and listening. This suggests that POA may be more effective in supporting structured and output-oriented language use, while oral skills may require more sustained interaction and exposure. In addition, learners reported positive perceptions of vocabulary development, knowledge application, motivation and engagement, indicating a close relationship between language learning and active learning processes. Overall, the study suggests that POA is perceived as a supportive and engaging instructional approach in beginner-level CFL classrooms. However, its perceived effectiveness appears to vary across language skills, highlighting the importance of balancing structured output with opportunities for interactive and communicative practice. By providing evidence from a Malaysian CFL context and focusing on beginner-level learners, this study contributes to a more context-sensitive understanding of how POA is experienced in classroom practice.

AMALAN PARADIPLOMASI DI SABAH: SEBUAH SOROTAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK

MOHD HAZIQ MOHD ZAMANI — 2026-09-23

Abstrak Kemunculan paradiplomasi iaitu penglibatan aktor sub-nasional dalam hal ehwal luar negara untuk mencapai kepentingan tertentu tanpa bergantung kepada kerajaan pusat telah menjadi sebuah fenomena yang mendapat perhatian dalam kajian hubungan antarabangsa. Hal ini dikatakan demikian kerana kebangkitan aktor sub-nasional mencabar paradigma realis di mana hanya aktor negara yang dianggap sebagai aktor relevan dalam hubungan antarabangsa. Kertas kerja ini memberikan fokus terhadap konsep paradiplomasi dan bagaimana ia diaplikasikan di Negeri Sabah, Malaysia. Persoalan utama adalah sejauh manakah Negeri Sabah sebagai sebuah aktor sub-nasional terlibat dalam paradiplomasi. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengaplikasikan kaedah Sorotan Literatur Sistematik (SLR) untuk mengenal pasti, menilai dan menganalisis kajian terdahulu berkaitan dengan amalan paradiplomasi di Sabah. Sorotan Literatur Sistematik menggunakan pangkalan data daripada Scopus, Google Scholar dan JSTOR. Selepas proses penyaringan dan penilaian artikel, dua artikel dimasukkan ke dalam sorotan literatur dan dianalisis secara tematik.Hasil kajian menunjukkan Negeri Sabah sebagai sebuah aktor sub-nasional di Malaysia terlibat dalam amalan paradiplomasi terutamanya melalui hubungan kerjasama ekonomi dengan negara luar. Kajian ini memperlihatkan bentuk dan ruang penglibatan Sabah dalam paradiplomasi serta menyumbang kepada literatur berkaitan peranan aktor subnasional dalam hubungan antarabangsa.

HAK PEMILIKAN SUNGAI TULIN PENGIRAN ABDUL RAUF DI PANTAI BARAT UTARA BORNEO(1822-1898)

FATMAH SIDEK — 2026-09-23

Abstrak Kajian ini meneliti isu hak pemilikan Sungai Tulin di pantai barat utara Borneo pada abad ke-19 dengan memberi tumpuan kepada kes Pengiran Abdul Rauf. Berdasarkan bukti dokumen seperti wasiat, perjanjian pajakan, watikah penganugerahan wilayah, dan salasilah keturunan, kajian ini mengupas fenomena pertindihan hak milik yang berlaku dalam kalangan elit tempatan serta implikasinya terhadap struktur pemilikan tanah tradisional. Permasalahan utama kajian tertumpu kepada pertikaian yang timbul susulan perjanjian pajakan bertarikh 20 November 1891 antara Pengiran Jalaludin dan pihak British North Borneo Company, yang mencetuskan persoalan tentang kesahihan pemilikan Sungai Tulin oleh Pengiran Abdul Rauf. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis sumber primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh daripada arkib seperti Arkib Negeri Sabah, Pusat Sejarah Brunei, serta koleksi peribadi waris keluarga. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa walaupun Pengiran Abdul Rauf memiliki beberapa Sungai Tulin seperti Sungai Kinarut, Sungai Menggatal dan Sungai Mengkabong, namun hak milik ke atas Sungai Mengkabong telah berpindah kepada kerabat lain dalam Kesultanan Brunei seawal tahun 1851. Selain itu, kajian ini turut mendapati bahawa campur tangan kuasa kolonial British telah mempercepatkan perubahan struktur pemilikan tanah, di mana beberapa Sungai Tulin akhirnya jatuh ke tangan pihak kolonial antara tahun 1883 hingga 1898. Kajian ini signifikan dalam menjelaskan dinamika pemilikan tanah tradisional, konflik elit tempatan, serta kaitannya dengan isu kontemporari seperti pertikaian hak milik dan tuntutan tanah Karambunai di Sabah.

ARAMAITI AS A LINGUISTIC CODE FOR DAILY CASUAL EXPRESSION: AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISM AND SOCIAL COHESION IN SABAH

Brenda WellJoemakker — 2026-09-22

Abstract Although social cohesion in Sabah is widely recognised, the micro-mechanism through everyday communication that binds this harmony is still underexplored. This review paper explores the role of aramaiti as an everyday linguistic code and symbol of casual expression of friendliness, openly used by Sabah’s multicultural community without touching on religious and ethnic sensitivities. A systematic narrative review was conducted using a hand-searching method based on purposive sampling. A total of 29 literature articles were selected and analyzed thematically. Based on the Intergroup Contact Theory and Social Identity Theory, the findings this paper proposes a conceptual model suggesting that the use of aramaiti in everyday conversation may function as a sociolinguistic cue that help attenuate intergroup anxiety and liguistic bias. Based on the Cognitive Compartmentalization Theory, the symbol of everyday casual interaction allows the community to create inclusive and safe social spaces without touching the boundaries of personal theology. The synthesis of global studies shows that aramaiti represents a natural manifestation of everyday cosmopolitanism. The spirit of togetherness eliminates the desire to dominate between races in the daily lives of the multi-ethnic communities. The implications of this study suggest that ethnic harmony in Sabah is maintained through the sharing of peaceful cultural codes that are free from religious and ethnic sensitivities. Hence, future empirical studies are recommended to examine the extent to which this casual expression can contribute to the sustainability of ethnic relations.

TERAS BELANJAWAN NEGERI PAHANG 2026 DARI PERSPEKTIF SIYĀSAH SHARʿIYYAH DAN FIQH AL-WAṬAN: ANALISIS DOKUMEN KE ARAH KERANGKA TADBIR URUS BALDATUN ṬAYYIBATUN WA RABBUN GHAFŪR

Zahin Mohamad Tahir — 2026-09-22

Abstrak Negeri Pahang Darul Makmur yang menjangkau lebih 555 tahun Kesultanan dan Peradaban Islam terus berusaha menterjemahkan prinsip Islam ke dalam dasar tadbir urus negeri. Pembentangan Belanjawan Negeri Pahang Tahun 2026 oleh YAB Menteri Besar telah meletakkan tujuh teras utama yang berpaksikan kesejahteraan ummah, dimulai dengan teras Memartabatkan Agama Islam, Memelihara Institusi Diraja dan Mengangkat Warisan Budaya sebagai jiwa dan semangat negeri. Namun demikian, masih kurang kajian ilmiah yang menganalisis secara sistematik sejauh mana teras tersebut selari dengan prinsip Siyāsah Sharʿiyyah dan kerangka Fiqh al-Waṭan yang sedang diperkasakan oleh Institut Ilmu Darul Makmur, Majlis Ugama Islam dan Adat Resam Melayu Pahang (IIDM-MUIP). Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan reka bentuk analisis dokumen terhadap dua set data utama iaitu dokumen rasmi Belanjawan Negeri Pahang 2026 dan korpus penerbitan ilmiah berkaitan Fiqh al-Waṭan. Analisis kandungan berpandu kerangka digunakan bagi mengenal pasti keselarasan dan jurang antara dasar fiskal negeri dengan prinsip Fiqh al-Waṭan menerusi padanan sistematik dengan lima objektif Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah. Kajian ini menghasilkan Kerangka Penilaian Tadbir Urus Berasaskan Fiqh al-Waṭan (KPTBFW) yang beroperasi menerusi tiga lapisan penilaian iaitu keselarasan Maqasid, keselarasan watan dan keselarasan Siyasah. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa lima daripada tujuh teras belanjawan memperlihatkan keselarasan eksplisit dengan Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah manakala dua teras menunjukkan keselarasan implisit yang memerlukan pengukuhan. Kajian ini turut mengenal pasti beberapa jurang di mana keselarasan bersifat konseptual tanpa mekanisme pelaksanaan yang jelas. Sumbangan asli kajian ini terletak pada penyuburan wacana Fiqh al-Waṭan melangkaui dimensi sejarah dan perundangan kepada dimensi tadbir urus fiskal kontemporari.

A MULTIMODAL EXAMINATION OF CHINESE ECOLOGOY-THEMED PICTURE BOOKS: A READING OF THERE ARE 24 SOLAR TERMS, THE SUMMER, AND THE DRAGONFLY’S DIARY

WANG BEI TU — 2026-09-21

Abstract To examine the interplay between language and nature, Arran Stibbe describes the discourse as “beneficial, ambivalent or destructive” to the ecology. As a distinctive multimodal genre in children’s literature, picture books are an ideal carrier of knowledge for children’s education on the environment. With an increasing emphasis on the protection of the surrounding ecology, the role of Chinese picture books on children's education is becoming more prominent. This study uses a multimodal analysis of three representative texts from the perspective of Ecological Discourse Analysis (EDA), which is an important branch of ecolinguistics that focuses specifically on ecological properties in discourses. By combining both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies, the study reveals the following: (i) the ecological orientation in picture books is constructed through text and image, either separately or jointly; and the image modality is more beneficial than text modality to transit ecological knowledge and foster an awareness; (ii) the combination of traditional ecological and cultural knowledge, such as demonstrated in the selected texts, Chinese picture books are able to forward specific characteristics in ecology protection.

THE WEST ASIA CONFLICT AND ITS IMPACT ON MARITIME AFFAIRS: A GEOPOLITICAL AND BLUE ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF THE RED SEA, STRAIT OF HORMUZ, AND SUEZ CANAL

ISMAIL ALI — 2026-09-22

Abstract Ongoing geopolitical tensions in West Asia, particularly across the Strait of Hormuz, the Suez Canal, and the Red Sea, pose a systemic threat to global maritime stability. Through a systematic qualitative content analysis of institutional reports, geopolitical literature, and ocean economy studies, this paper examines how hybrid warfare and asymmetric threats disrupt global shipping operations, inflate logistics costs, alter commercial transit routes, increase carbon emissions, and threaten the broader blue economy. The empirical findings indicate that rerouting commercial vessels around the Cape of Good Hope increases transit times by 10 to 14 days, driving spot freight rates up by 150 percent to 200 percent, while simultaneously boosting bunker fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions by up to 35 percent per voyage. Furthermore, war risk insurance premiums imposed by international underwriters spike vessel operating costs by an additional 0.5 percent to 1.0 percent of total vessel valuation per crossing. By integrating Neoclassical Realism with World Systems Theory, the study illustrates how localized asymmetric conflict in semi-peripheral maritime corridors triggers structural supply chain shocks across core economic hubs. Ultimately, the paper synthesises these findings into a comprehensive maritime resilience framework that highlights advanced technological integration, multilateral naval coordination, multimodal infrastructure, and sustainable ocean governance.