Development of an In Vitro Culture Protocol for Gigantochloa levis Using Nodal Segments
Keywords:
Gigantochloa levis, tropical bamboo, in vitro propagation, nodal segments, -benzylaminopurine (BAP), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)Abstract
Bamboo is a giant perennial arborescent grass in the Poaceae family and a fast-growing, economically important plant. However, conventional propagation is constrained by limited planting material, genetic variation, and the risk of disease and pest transmission. In vitro propagation using nodal segments has become an effective method for the large-scale multiplication of bamboo species. This study aimed to establish an in vitro culture system for the tropical bamboo Gigantochloa levis. Nodal segments containing axillary buds were selected as explants and surface-sterilized using an optimized protocol. Sterilized explants were cultured on full-strength semi-solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium for shoot initiation. MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 2, 3 and 4 mg/L was evaluated for shoot induction and multiplication. Medium containing 3 mg/L BAP produced the highest number of shoots (6.80 ± 0.49) after six weeks of culture. Rooting was optimized using liquid half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The results provide a baseline protocol for efficient in vitro propagation of G. levis, supporting future efforts in bamboo multiplication and conservation.
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