https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science <p style="float: left; text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Borneo Science is a biannual journal dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed research across all disciplines of science and technology. Since its establishment in 1995, it has gained recognition as a prominent interdisciplinary journal, highlighting research across a wide range of topics while focusing on the fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chemical, Physical and Material Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Agriculture and Biological Sciences, and Environmental Sciences.<br /><br />The journal aims to create a platform for scientists globally to share their research with integrity, fostering intellectual inquiry and debate.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> Universiti Malaysia Sabah en-US Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 1394-4339 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science/article/view/6017 <p>This study investigated the growth of Neolarmakia cadamba Roxb Bosser (White Laran) under various site conditions characterized by different elevations, slopes, distances from roads, and forest fringe. Plots that meet the criteria were established in two distinct areas, one year and five years old, of planted N cadamba trees. The study shows that the growth of one-year-old planted trees at a higher elevation with a flat area shows a higher mean diameter of breast height (DBH), mean total height, and volume compared to those planted at a lower elevation with a hilly area. Meanwhile, the mean DBH and total height of five-year-old planted trees are higher in flat areas adjacent to the roadside and forest fringe. Kruskal-Wallis test that compared the plots shows a significant difference in DBH, Height, and Volume with p&lt;0.05. This study indicates differences in the growth of N. cadamba based on varied site conditions of slope, altitude, and distance from the roadside and forest fringe, which could be attributed to nutrition and light penetration under different site conditions. This study could induce more studies in the relevant field, especially concerning the recommendation and prediction for any treatment during the early growth phase of the species in different site conditions.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> Walter Lintangah Raycel Lee McRoland Guntavid Abdul Razak Tarip Copyright (c) 2025 Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 2025-03-29 2025-03-29 46 1 10.51200/bsj.v46i1.6017 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science/article/view/6092 <p><em>Ayer Hitam Utara Forest Reserve is the last remaining peat swamp forest in Johor, south Peninsular Malaysia and represents a critical refuge for biodiversity, including the diversity of Orchidaceae. However, the peat swamp forest is exposed to various threats and pressures from land-use changes, forest fires and drainage activities. Monitoring of biodiversity and conservation measures are urgently needed to preserve Johor’s largest and only remaining peat swamp forest and indirectly its orchid diversity. This study aims to document the diversity of orchid species within the forest reserve and evaluate in terms of conservation aspects and concerns. Field survey were conducted using purposive sampling methods and species were identified according to morphological and taxonomic analyses. A total of 55 orchid species from 31 genera and four subfamilies, including three species endemic to Malaysia and one species endemic to Peninsular Malaysia. Results highlights the diversity significance of orchids in Johor’s peat swamp forests, contributing valuable insights into their ecological and habitat preferences. This study provides additional data to further understand regional biodiversity patterns, taxonomic significance and highlights the importance of incorporating orchid conservation in peat swamp forest management strategies.</em></p> Liyana Nasir Jing Wei Yap Copyright (c) 2025 Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 2025-03-21 2025-03-21 46 1 10.51200/bsj.v46i1.6092