https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science <p style="float: left; text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Borneo Science is a biannual journal dedicated to publishing peer-reviewed research across all disciplines of science and technology. Since its establishment in 1995, it has gained recognition as a prominent interdisciplinary journal, highlighting research across a wide range of topics while focusing on the fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Chemical, Physical and Material Sciences, Mathematical Sciences, Agriculture and Biological Sciences, and Environmental Sciences.<br /><br />The journal aims to create a platform for scientists globally to share their research with integrity, fostering intellectual inquiry and debate.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> Universiti Malaysia Sabah en-US Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 1394-4339 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science/article/view/6353 <p><em>In Malaysia, students' performance at school, foundation, and university levels is traditionally assessed using a classical evaluation method, which aggregates scores from various assessments, such as assignments and exams, and assigns grades based on predefined thresholds (e.g., A, A-, B+, B). This study introduces fuzzy logic as an alternative approach to evaluating students' performance at the foundation level, focusing on 49 students from the Preparatory Centre for Science and Technology (PPST), University Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Input data includes scores from assignments, midterm exams, and final exams, which are used to compare the classical grading system with a fuzzy logic-based approach. While the classical method uses fixed grade cutoffs, it may not fully capture the subtleties of students’ abilities or learning progress. In contrast, fuzzy logic incorporates degrees of truth, enabling a more nuanced assessment. This study aims to analyze the differences between the classical and fuzzy logic methods, highlighting the potential benefits or limitations of adopting fuzzy logic in educational assessments.</em></p> SURIANA LASARAIYA SUZELAWATI ZENIAN Copyright (c) 2026 Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 47 1 https://jurcon.ums.edu.my/ojums/index.php/borneo-science/article/view/6693 <p><em>The rising cost and limited availability of conventional feed have driven the search for sustainable and economical alternatives. Sorghum grain (Sorghum bicolour), with a nutritive value comparable to maize, is considered a suitable substitute in poultry diets. This study evaluated the effects of sorghum grain inclusion in duck pellets on feed intake, growth performance, and blood profile. Thirty unsexed ducks, approximately 21 days old, were assigned to two groups: one fed sorghum-based pellets (treatment) and the other fed commercial pellets (control). Over six weeks, feed intake, growth, and blood parameters were assessed. Ducks fed the sorghum-enriched pellets showed significantly (p&lt;0.05) better growth, with higher body weight (1298.0 vs. 953.3 g/bird) and daily weight gain (30.9 vs. 22.7 g/day/bird). They also had a lower, though not significant (p&gt;0.05), feed conversion ratio (4.9 vs. 6.9). Blood biochemistry indicated higher haemoglobin (11.2 vs. 10.37 g/dL), red blood cell counts (2.3 vs. 2.2×10¹²/L), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (49.7 vs. 49.3 pg), and white blood cell counts (111.4 vs. 69.1×10⁹/L) in the treatment group, though differences were not significant (p&gt;0.05). In conclusion, incorporating sorghum grain into duck pellets improves growth performance and positively influences blood profiles.</em></p> Mohammad Mijanur Rahman Rosesyaqirah Baiduri Abd Razak Nurhanan Abdul Rahman Md Safiul Alam Bhuiyan Mohamad Asrol Kalam Copyright (c) 2026 Borneo Science | The Journal of Science and Technology 2026-03-17 2026-03-17 47 1 10.51200/bsj.v47i1.6693