PERANAN PERISTIWA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITI: PERISTIWA TANDUO 2013 DAN PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITI MASYARAKAT SULUK (TAUSUG) DI SABAH
THE ROLE OF ‘EVENT’ IN IDENTITY FORMATION: TANDUO’S INCIDENT 2013 AND THE SULUK IDENTITY FORMATION IN SABAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/ejk.v23i.1122Keywords:
Identiti, Sabah, Tanduo, Suluk, sempadan ~ Identity, boundary, Malaysia, Tausug, Lahad Datu , Sulu Sea, Southern PhilippinesAbstract
Elemen bukan fizikal merupakan elemen utama dalam pembentukan sempadan, terutamanya pembentukan sempadan identiti sesuatu kumpulan. Namun, artikel ini melihat bahawa pembentukan sempadan bukan fizikal ini tidak boleh difahami sebagai satu proses semula jadi kerana ia merupakan elemen yang dibentuk oleh proses tertentu. Dalam hal ini, penulis melihat bahawa salah satu daripada elemen penting yang membawa kepada wujudnya wacana hegemoni dalam pembentukan sempadan identiti ini adalah melalui elemen peristiwa. Oleh itu, artikel ini membincangkan bahawa peristiwa Tanduo di Sabah merupakan tragedi identiti masyarakat Tausug di negeri ini kerana peristiwa ini mewujudkan kebenaran sosial dalam kalangan masyarakat yang akhirnya membawa kepada imej negatif masyarakat Suluk di negeri Sabah. Jelasnya, pembentukan imej negatif ini terhasil daripada fungsi peristiwa tersebut dan menyebabkan ia menjadi salah satu fakta yang tidak dapat disangkal kebenarannya. Akibatnya, masyarakat Suluk dilihat sebagai bermasalah, perlu dijauhi, berbahaya dan seterusnya membawa kepada pembentukan pelbagai kategori Tausug yang sebelum ini berada dalam satu kategori yang sama. Dalam hal ini, penulis melihat jika sempadan fizikal boleh diperkukuhkan melalui peningkatan ketenteraan, artikel ini melihat pembentukan dasar-dasar yang berguna perlu dimainkan oleh badanbadan bukan kerajaan, ahli-ahli politik dan sebagainya terutamanya dalam mengurus persepsi yang berlaku ini.
A non-physical element is a key element in the border formation, particularly the formation of group's identity. However, this paper argues that the formation of this non-physical boundary cannot be understood as a natural process or pre-given but produced by a particular social and historical process. In this case, the authors argue that one of the crucial elements that led to the emergence of this hegemonic discourse of the identity formation is through the role of event. Therefore, this paper argues that Tanduo incident in 2013 was the tragedy of the Suluk identity formation in the state. The Tanduo incident has produced the particular kind of relationships, self/other and eventually led to the negative representation of the Suluk community in the state. Apparently, the formation of this negative representation is derived from the role of event, namely the Tanduo incident which produce a new reality, undeniable fact and truth about the Suluk. As a result of this self/other relationships, the Suluk community has been seen as problematic, to be shunned, dangerous and finally it leads to the formation of the bad and good Suluk categories. In this case, the author argues that, if the physical boundaries can be strengthened through military enforcement, this paper sees the non-governmental organizations, politicians, ruling government and various segments of Sabah society play a very crucial role especially in managing this negative perception towards Suluk community
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