IMPAK AKTIVITI PELANCONGAN KE ATAS KOMUNITI SETEMPAT: TINJAUAN LITERATUR
IMPACT OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES ON THE LOCAL COMMUNITY: A LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/jobsts.v7i1.3612Keywords:
Aktiviti Pelancongan, Impak positif, Impak negatifAbstract
ABSTRACT
The writing of this article is based on literature reviews in discussing the issue of the impact of tourism activities on the local community in the Malaysian context recently. There are many tourism activities that have been conducted by tour operators whether they are local community members or investors from outside the villages or residences. In circumstances, tourism activities involve the local community members directly whether as entrepreneurs or employees. Therefore, this article attempts to understand the impact of tourism activities on the local community in terms of economic, social, cultural, and environmental aspects. Currently, there is a growing trend in the development of tourism activities in urban and rural areas. These trends had a clear impact on the local communities near the tourist area. The main data collection method for writing up this article was obtained through secondary data resources such as the journal article online, conference papers, reference books, and theses. The findings of the reviews indicate that tourism development in Malaysia recently has had a positive impact rather than a negative one particular before the time of Movement Control Order (MCO) Covid 19. This is because many local community members realized that tourism activities or industry would benefit them in terms of income generated and would uplift their quality of everyday life status and conditions.
ABSTRAK
Penulisan artikel ini adalah berasaskan tinjauan literatur dalam membincangkan isu impak aktiviti pelancongan yang dijalankan oleh pengusaha-pengusaha pelancongan dari luar tetapi beroperasi dalam kawasan pelancongan yang berhampiran dengan kampung atau penempatan komuniti setempat di Malaysia. Aktiviti pelancongan tersebut dalam situasi tertentu memberi impak ke atas ahli komuniti setempat secara langsung samada sebagai pengusaha ataupun pekerja. Penulisan artikel ini cuba untuk memahami isu impak pelancongan ke atas komuniti setempat samada dari aspek ekonomi, sosial, budaya, serta alam sekitar berdasarkan sumber data tinjauan lietratur. Pada masa ini, dapat dilihat ‘trend’ pembangunan sektor dan aktiviti pelancongan semakin meningkat di kawasan bandar serta luar bandar. Keadaan ini telah memberi impak jelas samada positif mahupun negatif terhadap komuniti berhampiran atau dalam kawasan pelancongan tersebut. Kaedah kutipan data artikel ini adalah berasaskan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui artikel jurnal, sumber atas talian (internet), kertas kerja persidangan dan tesis. Hasil kajian literatur ini menunjukan bahawa perkembangan pesat pelancongan di Malaysia terutama sebelum fasa Perentah Kawalan Pergerakan Covid 19 memberi kesan positif yang lebih ketara berbanding kesan negatif ke atas komuniti setempat. Ini kerana ramai ahli komuniti setempat samada di bandar dan di luar bandar menyedari bahawa pelancongan merupakan aktiviti ekonomi yang boleh menjana pendapatan dan meningkatkan kualiti taraf hidup mereka.
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