Deficiency of protein, fat and vitamins in freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus: morphological symptoms and impact on growth performance

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v3i1.1261

Keywords:

Nutritional Fish Pathology, Nutrient Deficiency.

Abstract

This paper briefly describes some major nutritional pathologies which have been observed in freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus. These are caused by nutrient deficiencies or dietary imbalances and require attention in aquaculture. Lipids, proteins and vitamins are beneficial nutrients needed for growth and metabolic functions of fish. The nutrients not synthesized by the organism and required in the diet from outside sources are called “essential†or “indispensable†such as unsaturated fatty acids, essential amino acids and vitamins. The deficiency of indispensable nutrients (protein, fat, vitamins A, B, C and E) in the present study limited their synthesis, caused reduced body weight and showed specific morphological symptoms in C. batrachus. The fish recovered to a certain extent when fed with these nutrients. Reduced body weight and skin lesions were observed in protein and fat-deficient fish. Vitamin A deficiency resulted in prominent exophthalmia with eroded barbles. The loss of appetite was observed in vitamin B deficient fish. Deficiency of vitamins C and E caused scoliosis (broken back disease) and skin haemorrhage, respectively.

Published

2019-07-31

How to Cite

Deficiency of protein, fat and vitamins in freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus: morphological symptoms and impact on growth performance. (2019). Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture (BJoMSA), 3(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v3i1.1261
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