Pilihan Raya dan Tingkah Laku Pengundi dalam PRU 2008: Kajian Kes di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/ejk.v20i.132Keywords:
Demokrasi, pilihan raya, tingkah laku pengundi, identifikasi parti, parti politik, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan, democracy, election, voting behavior, party identification, political party, Federal Territory of LabuanAbstract
Artikel ini membincangkan tingkah laku politik dengan memfokuskan kepada tingkah laku pengundi dalam sistem pilihan raya demokrasi. Prinsip asas yang menunjangi sistem demokrasi ialah hak rakyat untuk memilih kerajaan, iaitu kerajaan yang akan memerintah menerusi amalan pilihan raya yang adil, bebas dan telus. Penulisan ini telah memilih tingkah laku pengundi-pengundi di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan menerusi pilihan raya umum (PRU) 2008 sebagai kajian kes. Pilihan raya di Malaysia menunjukkan bahawa tingkah laku pengundi boleh dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti kredibiliti calon, pegangan agama, kekuatan parti, kedudukan ekonomi, kepentingan isu dan sebagainya. Makalah ini berusaha untuk mengenal pasti keutamaan tingkah laku pengundi di Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan berdasarkan tiga pendekatan iaitu pendekatan sosiologikal, pendekatan identifikasi parti dan pendekatan, pilihan rasional. Objektif utama makalah ini adalah mengkaji tingkah laku pengundi semasa proses pilihan raya berdasarkan tiga pendekatan tersebut dan kaitannya dengan kesedaran politik, penyertaan politik, sumber maklumat dan isu-isu pilihan raya. Kajian ini telah menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan berbentuk kualitatif dan kuantitatif dalam mendapatkan data yang berkaitan dengan pilihan raya. Sebagai rumusan, tingkah laku pengundi dalam proses pilihan raya merupakan suatu tindakan yang boleh dipengaruhi oleh aspek sosial, politik dan ekonomi serta kaitannya dengan sumber maklumat dan isu-isu pilihan raya.
This article is about political voting behavior in a democratic system of government. The main pillar of democracy is the people’s right to choose government through fair, free and transparent elections. This is a case study of voting behavior in the Federal Territory of Labuan based on the 2008 general election. The elections in Malaysia have shown that the voting behaviour can be influenced by several factors, namely the credibility of the candidates, religious belief, party unity, economic stability, importance of the issue and so on. This article seeks to identify the priority of voting behavior in Labuan Island based on three main approaches, which are the sociological approach, party identification approach and rational choice approach. The main objective of this paper is to study the behavior of voters during the electoral process using these three approaches and its relation to political awareness, political participation, information resources and electoral issues. This article employs research methods that are both qualitative and
quantitative in obtaining data related to the elections. In summary, the voting behaviours during the electoral process can be influenced by the social, political and economic factors related to sources of information and electoral issues.
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