PENEROKAAN KONSEP IHSAN DAN NIAT MENDERMA DARAH DALAM KALANGAN PENDERMA DARAH LELAKI DAN PEREMPUAN
EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF IHSAN AND THE INTENTION TO DONATE BLOOD AMONG MALE AND FEMALE BLOOD DONORS
Keywords:
altruism, motivasi, niat, pelajar universiti, pendermaan darah, motivation, intention, university student, blood donationAbstract
ABSTRAK Tindakan menderma darah dikenali sebagai tingkah laku yang tidak mementingkan diri sendiri untuk individu lain. Tindakan ini penting bagi membantu mereka yang berada dalam situasi kecemasan mahupun secara berkala. Namun, konsep ihsan yang merupakan kombinasi altruisme, kebajikan dan identiti penderma darah diteroka sepenuhnya lagi dalam kajian berkaitan pendermaan darah. Oleh hal yang demikian, kajian ini adalah bertujuan meneroka konsep ihsan dan niat menderma darah dalam kalangan pelajar universiti yang merupakan penderma darah. Responden kajian merupakan pelajar dari universiti tempatan di Selangor. Sejumlah 166 penderma darah telah menjawab set borang soal-selidik secara atas talian berkaitan dengan motivasi menderma darah. Hasil analisis Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) secara putaran varimak mendapati bahawa terdapat lima item yang terkumpul dalam satu komponen iaitu ihsan. Bagi hasil analisis deskriptif, didapati bahawa penderma darah perempuan menunjukkan nilai skor ihsan yang lebih tinggi (M = 3.90, sp = .66) berbanding dengan mahasiswa lelaki (M =3.78, sp = .62). Akhir sekali, analisis Hierarchical Multiple Regression (enter method) mendapati bahawa ihsan (B = .336) mempunyai hubungan signifikan terhadap niat menderma darah (R2 = .062, perubahan F (1,163) = 5.37, p < .01, setelah aspek jantina penderma darah dikawal. Dalam erti kata lain, konsep ihsan yang menggambarkan nilai-nilai baik seperti altruism serta kebajikan adalah berkaitan dengan keinginan untuk menderma darah dalam kalangan mahasiswa universiti, sama ada lelaki mahupun perempuan. Kempen berkaitan pendermaan darah dicadangkan untuk mempromosikan konsep ihsan bagi memperkukuhkan niat menderma darah dalam kalangan mahasiswa universiti memandangkan aspek ini memperkukuhkan nilai positif dalam kalangan muda.
ABSTRACT The act of blood donation is known as one of selfless behaviour towards other human beings. The action is vital to help those in need, either in during emergencies or periodically. However, the concept of ihsan which derived from a combination of altruism, charity and self-identity as a blood donor has yet to be explored in the study of blood donation. Therefore, this study aims to explore the concept of ihsan and the intention to donate blood among university students involved in blood donation. Respondents were recruited from a local university in Selangor. A total of 166 blood donors answered an online questionnaire pertaining to the motivation to donate blood. The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) using varimax rotation found that there are five items grouped in one component, namely ihsan. As for descriptive analysis, the result showed that female blood donors displayed a higher mean score (M = 3.90, sd = .66), as compared to male blood donors (M=3.78, sd = .62). Finally, Hierarchical Multiple Regression (enter method) analysis revealed that ihsan (B = .336) is significantly correlated to the intention to donate blood (R2 = .062, F change (1, 163) = 5.37, p < .01, after controlling the aspect of gender. In other words, the concept of ihsan that resembles positive values such as altruism and charity lead to the intention to donate blood among university students, regardless of their gender. Campaign on blood donation should promote the concept of ihsan to strengthen the intention to donate blood among young people in a university setting as it encourages positive values among young people.
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