Growth performance of brown-golden marine microalga, Isochrysis sp., cultivated in alternative algal culture media

Authors

  • Nai Han Tan Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah
  • Kit Shing Liew Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah
  • Sitti Raehanah Muhamad Shaleh Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah
  • Leong Seng Lim Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v5i2.3150

Keywords:

Isochrysis sp., Marine microalga, Algal growth, Alternative culture media, Cell density

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the suitability of introduced algal culture media as an alternative to the general enriched seawater media in the laboratory cultivation of Isochrysis sp., a marine microalga commonly cultivated for aquaculture purposes. Isochrysis sp. was established into culture in three replications using three experimental algal culture media (Walne’s medium as a control, China-contributed culture medium (CCM) and CCM supplemented with vitamins (CCM + Vit)). The experiment was performed with a continuous illumination for a period of seven days at 25±1°C. The effect of introduced algal culture media (CCM and CCM + Vit) on the growth performance of Isochrysis sp. was highlighted. CCM demonstrated promising results for the cultivation of Isochrysis sp. A maximum cell density of 9.16×106 ± 5.40×105 cells mL-1, which corresponded to an instantaneous growth rate (r) of 0.21 cell day-1 and a doubling time (T2) of 3.29 days, was observed in Isochrysis sp. cultivated in CCM. In view of its potential and reduced preparation labour, CCM may be recommended as an alternative to the general enriched seawater media in the cultivation of Isochrysis sp. in laboratories with basic facility as well as small- and medium-scale aquaculture hatcheries.

References

Adewumi, A.A. & Olaleye, V.F. (2011). Catfish culture in Nigeria: Progress, prospects and problems. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6(6), 1281–1285.

Andersen, R.A., Berges, J.A., Harrison, P.J. & Watanabe, M.M. (2005). Appendix A – Recipes for freshwater and seawater media. In: Algal Culturing Techniques (R.A. Andersen, ed.), pp 429–538. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, USA.

Alvarez-Cobelas, M., Reynolds, C.S., Sánchez-Castillo, P. & Kristiansen, J. (1998). Phytoplankton and Trophic Gradients. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 372 pp. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Belgium.

Becker, E.W. (1994). Microalgae: Biotechnology and Microbiology. Cambridge University Press, 293 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Creswell, L. (2010). Phytoplankton culture for aquaculture. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center Publication No. 5004. Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA.

de Carvalho, J.C., Sydney, E.B., Tessari, L.F.A. & Soccol, C.R. (2019). Chapter 2 – Culture media for mass production of microalgae. In: Biomass, Biofuels and Biochemicals: Biofuels from Algae (2nd edn.) (A. Pandey, J.S. Chang, C.R. Soccol, D.J. Lee & Y. Chisti, eds.), pp 33–50. Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Del-Mondo, A., Smerilli, A., Sané, E., Sansone, C. & Brunet, C. (2020). Challenging microalgal vitamins for human health. Microbial Cell Factories 19, 201.

Eshak, M.B. & Wan-Omar, W.M. (2017). Isochrysis maritima Billard and Gayral isolated from Penang National Park coastal waters as a potential microalgae for aquaculture. Tropical Life Sciences Research 28(2), 163–176.

Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. (1988). Definition of aquaculture. In: Seventh Session of the IPFC Working Party of Expects on Aquaculture IPFC/WPA/WPZ, pp 1–3. RAPA/FAO, Bangkok, Thailand.

Heimann, K. & Huerlimann, R. (2015). Chapter 3 – Microalgal classification: Major classes and genera of commercial microalgal species. In: Handbook of Marine Microalgae: Biotechnology Advances (S.K. Kim, ed.), pp 25–41. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK.

Idenyi, J.N., Ebenyi, L.N., Ogah, O., Nwali, B.U. & Ogbanshi, M.E. (2016). Effect of different growth media on the cell densities of freshwater microalgae isolates. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 11(3), 24–28.

Ilavarasi, A., Mubarakali, D., Praveenkumar, R., Baldev, E. & Thajuddin, N. (2011). Optimization of various growth media to freshwater microalgae for biomass production. Biotechnology 10(6), 540–545.

Khatoon, H., Yusoff, F.M., Banerjee, S., Shariff, M. & Mohamed, S. (2007). Use of periphytic cyanobacterium and mixed diatoms coated substrate for improving water quality, survival and growth of Penaeus monodon Fabricius postlarvae. Aquaculture 271, 196–205.

Krishnan, V., Uemura, Y., Thanh, N.T., Abdul-Khalid, N., Osman, N & Mansor, N. (2015). Three types of marine microalgae and Nannochloropsis oculata cultivation for potential source of biomass production. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 622, 012034.

Kumar, K. & Das, D. (2012). Growth characteristics of Chlorella sorokiniana in airlift and bubble column photo-bioreactors. Bioresource Technology 116, 307–313.

Li, X., Hu, H.Y., Gan, K. & Sun, Y.X. (2010). Effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on the growth, nutrient uptake, and lipid accumulation of a freshwater microalga Scenedesmus sp. Bioresource Technology 101(14), 5494–5500.

Liang, K.H., Zhang, Q.H., Gu, M. & Cong, W. (2013). Effect of phosphorus on lipid accumulation in freshwater microalga Chlorella sp. Journal of Applied Phycology 25, 311–318.

Lin, Y.H., Chang, F.L., Tsao, C.Y. & Leu, J.Y. (2007). Influence of growth phase and nutrient source on fatty acid composition of Isochrysis galbana CCMP 1324 in a batch photoreactor. Biochemical Engineering Journal 37, 166–176.

Liu, J., Huang, J.C. & Chen, F. (2011). Microalgae as feedstocks for biodiesel production. In: Biodiesel – Feedstocks and Processing Technologies (M. Stoytcheva, ed.), pp 133–160. InTech, Shanghai, China.

Liu, J., Sommerfeld, M. & Hu, Q. (2013). Screening and characterization of Isochrysis strains and optimization of culture conditions for docosahexaenoic acid production. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 97, 4785–4798.

Loo, P.L., Chong, V.C. & Vikineswary, S. (2013). Rhodovulum sulfidophilum, a phototrophic bacterium, grown in palm oil mill effluent improves the larval survival of marble goby Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker). Aquaculture Research 44, 495–507.

Meireles, L.A., Guedes, A.C. & Malcata, F.X. (2003). Lipid class composition of the microalga Pavlova lutheri: eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51(8), 2237–2241.

Michelle-Wood, A., Everroad, R.C. & Wingard, L.M. (2005). Measuring growth rates in microalgal cultures. In: Algal Culturing Techniques (R.A. Andersen, ed.), pp 269–286. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, USA.

Parker, R. (2011). Aquaculture Science (3rd edn.). Delmar Cengage Learning, pp 2–27. Delmar Cengage Learning, USA.

Perumal, P., Balaji-Prasath, B., Santhanam, P., Ananth, S., Shenbaga-Devi, A., Dinesh-Kumar, S. & Jeyanthi, S. (2015). Isolation and culture of microalgae. In: Advances in Marine and Brackishwater Aquaculture (P. Santhanam, A.R. Thirunavukkarasu & P. Perumal, eds.), pp 1–15. Springer, New Delhi, India.

Priyadarshani, I., Sahu, D. & Rath, B. (2012). Algae in aquaculture. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 2(1), 108–114.

Renaud, S.M., Thinh, L.V., Lambrinidis, G. & Parry, D.L. (2002). Effect of temperature on growth, chemical composition and fatty acid composition of tropical Australian microalgae grown in batch cultures. Aquaculture 211, 195–214.

Sánchez, S., Martı́nez, M.E. & Espinola, F. (2000). Biomass production and biochemical variability of the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana in relation to culture medium. Biochemical Engineering Journal 6(1), 13–18.

Saoudi-Helis, L., Dubacq, J.P., Marty, Y., Samain, J.F. & Gudin, C. (1994). Influence of growth rate on pigment and lipid composition of the microalga Isochrysis aff. galbana clone T.iso. Journal of Applied Phycology 6, 315–322.

Sipaúba-Tavares, L.H., Segali, A.M.D.L., Berchielli-Morais, F.A. & Scardoeli-Truzzi, B. (2017). Development of low-cost culture media for Ankistrodesmus gracilis based on inorganic fertilizer and macrophyte. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 29, e5.

Sukarni, S., Sumarli, S., Nauri, I.M., Purnami, P., al Mufid, A. & Yanuhar, U. (2018). Exploring the prospect of marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana as sustainable solid biofuel feedstock. Journal of Applied Research and Technology 16, 53–66.

Sunda, W.G., Price, N.M. & Morel, F.M.M. (2005). Trace metal ion buffers and their use in culture studies. In: Algal Culturing Techniques (R.A. Andersen, ed.), pp 35–63. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, USA.

Takeda, S. (1998). Influence of iron availability on nutrient consumption ratio of diatoms in oceanic waters. Nature 33, 774–777.

Thu, N.T.H., Anh, H.T.L., Hoang, M.H., Kim, D.D. & Hong, D.D. (2015). Study on biological characteristics of a newly isolated Vietnamese strain of microalga Isochrysis galbana Parke for utilizing as live aquaculture feed. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 41(3), 203–211.

Valenzuela-Espinoza, E., Millan-Nuñez, R. & Núñez-Cebrero, F. (1999). Biomass production and nutrient uptake by Isochrysis aff. galbana (Clone T-ISO) cultured with a low cost alternative to the f/2 medium. Aquacultural Engineering 20, 135–147.

Valenzuela-Espinoza, E., Millan-Nuñez, R. & Núñez-Cebrero, F. (2002). Protein, carbohydrate, lipid and chlorophyll a content in Isochrysis aff. galbana (clone T-Iso) cultured with a low cost alternative to the f/2 medium. Aquacultural Engineering 25, 207–216.

Verma, R., Fulekar, M.H. & Pathak, B. (2015). Effect of different culture media formulations on growth and biodiesel production potential of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Journal of Algal Biomass Utilization 6(3), 7–15.

Walne, P.R. (1970). Studies on the food value of nineteen genera of algae to juvenile bivalves of the genera Ostrea, Crassostrea, Mercenaria, and Mytilis. Fishery Investigations 26, 1–62.

Watanabe, M.M. (2005). Freshwater culture media. In: Algal Culturing Techniques (R.A. Andersen, ed.), pp 13–20. Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, USA.

Wikfors, G.H. & Patterson, G.W. (1994). Differences in strains of Isochrysis of importance to mariculture. Aquaculture 123, 127–135.

Yalcin-Duygu, D., Açikgöz-Erkaya, I. & Özer, T. (2018). Investigating the effect of different growth media on biomass production of Pseudopediastrum boryanum (Turpin) E. Hegewald isolates. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research 4(1), 6–12.

Zhu, C.J., Lee, Y.K. & Chao, T.M. (1997). Effects of temperature and growth phase on lipid and biochemical composition of Isochrysis galbana TK1. Journal of Applied Phycology 9, 451–457.

Published

2021-12-31

How to Cite

Tan, N. H., Liew, K. S., Muhamad Shaleh, S. R. ., & Lim, L. S. . (2021). Growth performance of brown-golden marine microalga, Isochrysis sp., cultivated in alternative algal culture media. Borneo Journal of Marine Science and Aquaculture (BJoMSA), 5(2), 57–62. https://doi.org/10.51200/bjomsa.v5i2.3150
Total Views: 428 | Total Downloads: 405