PENENTUAN CORAK DENSITI JENAYAH DI KAWASAN TUMPUAN SEKOLAH-SEKOLAH MENENGAH DALAM BANDAR KOTA KINABALU MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI GIS
DETERMINATION OF CRIMINAL DENSITY PATTERNS IN HIGH SCHOOL FOCUS AREAS WITHIN THE CITY CENTER USING THE GIS APPLICATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/ejk.v26i2.2772Keywords:
Jenayah, Property Crime, Violence Crimes, School, Sekolah, Mapping, GIS, Density Patterns, Kernel Density, Jenayah Harta Benda, Jenayah KekerasanAbstract
ABSTRAK Jenayah dikatakan banyak berlaku di bandar dan lebih cenderung bertumpu di sekitar pusat bandar. Jenayah yang paling kerap berlaku di bandar ialah jenayah harta benda dan kekerasan. Peningkatan perlakuan jenayah tersebut di kawasan bandar telah menyebabkan kawasan sekolah di bandar turut terkena kesannya. Oleh itu, kajian ini mengetengahkan kajian jenayah harta benda dan kekerasan di kawasan tumpuan sekolah-sekolah. Sehubungan dengan itu, kurangnya pengkajian mengenai masalah jenayah dari bidang Geografi antara penyumbang kepada kurang berkesannya pencegahan jenayah. Maka, berhubung dengan masalah ini, kajian ini dijalankan dengan bertujuan untuk memetakan jenayah dalam ruang menggunakan aplikasi GIS. Kajian ini menggunakan data statistik jenayah harta benda dan kekerasan Kota Kinabalu bagi tahun 2018 yang telah diperoleh daripada Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah (IPD) Kota Kinabalu. Data tersebut dimasukkan dalam perisian GIS dan seterusnya dianalisis menggunakan analisis corak iaitu teknik analisis Densiti Kernel. Hasil kajian yang diperoleh merupakan peta corak densiti jenayah harta benda dan kekerasan. Berdasarkan peta corak densiti tersebut, didapati corak densiti tinggi jenayah harta benda terdapat di zon Kota Kinabalu manakala bagi jenayah kekerasan pula terdapat di dua zon iaitu Kota Kinabalu dan Signal Hill. Didapati tiada sekolah yang berada dalam kawasan corak densiti tinggi kedua-dua jenayah tersebut. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada bidang pemetaan jenayah dengan menggunakan analisis GIS. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini dapat membantu pihak-pihak yang terlibat seperti pihak polis, pihak sekolah dan pihak perancang bandar untuk mengatasi perlakuan jenayah yang semakin meningkat di bandar dan semestinya di kawasan tumpuan sekolah-sekolah yang turut terkesan dengan hal tersebut. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga memberi peringatan kepada orang ramai supaya sentiasa menjaga keselamatan terutamanya berada di kawasan yang menjadi tumpuan jenayah.
ABSTRACT Crime is said to be more prevalent in the city and more likely to be concentrated around the city center. The most common crime in the city are property crime and violence. The increase of crime in urban areas has affected the school in the city. Therefore, this study highlights the study of property crime and violence in schools' focus areas. In this regard, the lack of studies on crime issues from the Geography has been one of the contributors to less effective prevention of crime. So, in relation to this problem, this study was conducted with the aim of mapping crime in space using GIS applications. This study uses Kota Kinabalu property crime and violence statistics data for 2018 obtained from the Kota Kinabalu District Police Headquarters (IPD). The data were entered into GIS software and then analyzed using pattern analysis, Kernel density analysis technique. The result of this study is a map of the pattern of property crime and violence. Based on the map of the density pattern, high density patterns of property crime is found in the Kota Kinabalu zone while violent crime found in two zones, Kota Kinabalu and Signal Hill. It was found that no school was in the high-density pattern of the two crimes. This study contributes to the field of crime mapping using GIS analysis. In addition, the findings of this study can help stakeholders such as the police, schools and city planners to overcome the increasing crime rate in the city and of course in the focus area of schools that are also affected by this. In addition, this study also can be used to warn people to always be safe especially in crime-prone areas.
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Temu bual
Arif bin Razak, 2 Julai 2019. Bertempat di Ibu Pejabat Polis (IPD), Daerah Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah.
Muhammad Huzaimi, 2 Julai 2019. Bertempat di Ibu Pejabat Polis (IPD), Daerah Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
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