Effect of Different Solvent Extractions on Total Phenols, Tannins, and Flavonoids Content of Indigenous Medicinal Plant Blumea arnakidophora Mattf. from Sabah.

Abstract

This research represents the first study on the effect of different solvent extractions on the total phenols, tannins, and flavonoids content of indigenous medicinal plant Blumea arnakidophora from Sabah. A total of three solvent types were used in this study: 80% methanol, hot water and distilled water. Determination of phytochemical contents mentioned above was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent (FRC) method and Aluminium Chloride Colorimetry (ACC) method. The highest total phenols content (71.7 ± 7.0 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids content (33.7 ± 0.6 mg CE/g) were obtained from the 80% methanol extract from the leaves, whereas the highest tannin content (4.9 ± 0.7 mg GAE/g) was obtained from hot water extract from the leaves. From the statistical analyses, the phenols content extracted from the leaves with distilled water showed significant difference (p < 0.05) with hot water and 80% methanol extracts. The tannin content and flavonoid content extracted from the stems and leaves did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) among the extraction solvent used. This work provides a preliminary result on selecting an effective extraction solvent for phytochemicals investigation on B. arnakidophora.