ELEMEN REALISME MAGIS DALAM LEGENDA ETIOLOGIKAL ETNIK TATANA DI KUALA PENYU

THE ELEMENTS OF MAGICAL REALISM IN THE ETIOLOGICAL LEGENDS OF TATANA IN KUALA PENYU

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kegiatan menyampaikan naratif lisan dalam kalangan masyarakat Tatana yang disebut sebagai batangon sudah lama diamalkan sejak zaman nenek moyang lagi. Dalam kalangan orang Tatana, aktiviti bercerita dipraktikkan sebagai alat hiburan dan media pendidikan. Sebanyak lima buah etiologikal Tatana telah dikumpulkan dari kerja lapangan yang dijalankan di daerah Kuala Penyu dengan melibatkan informan dari keturunan Tatana. Setelah diamati, dalam penceritaan legenda etiologikal Tatana memaparkan unsur realisme yang digabungkan dengan unsur magis. Unsur realisme terlihat pada latar tempat, dan masyarakat. Manakala, unsur magis pula melibatkan kewujudan makhluk dan alam ghaib, binatang dan objek ajaib, serta sumpahan. Elemen magis dalam penceritaan legenda etiologikal ialah hasil imaginasi dan kreativiti nenek moyang orang Tatana dahulu. Prinsip realisme magis menurut Faris (2004) yang diterapkan dalam analisis secara interpretasi menunjukkan bahawa legenda etiologikal Tatana menghadirkan unsur magis yang diwujudkan dalam dunia sebenar. Justeru, kajian seumpama ini dapat memelihara naratif tradisi Tatana daripada hilang bersama penangon (pencerita) yang kebanyakannya telah meninggal dunia serta dapat menonjolkan kehebatan nenek moyang Tatana menghasilkan legenda Tatana.

Kata kunci: Legenda etiologikal, etnik Tatana, Realisme Magis, unsur-unsur realisme, magis

ABSTRACT

The activity of delivering oral narratives among the Tatana people, called batangon, has long been practiced since the time of their ancestors. Among the Tatana people, storytelling activities are practiced as an entertainment tool and educational media. A total of five Tatana etiological legends were collected from fieldwork conducted in the Kuala Penyu district involving informants from the Tatana lineage. After observation, in the telling of Tatana etiological legends, realism elements are displayed combined with magical elements. The realism elements are seen in the setting of the place and society. Meanwhile, the magical elements involve the existence of supernatural beings and the supernatural, magical animals and objects, and curses. The magical elements in the telling of etiological legends are the result of the imagination and creativity of the ancestors of the Tatana people. The principle of magical realism according to Faris (2004) which is applied in the interpretive analysis shows that the Tatana etiological legends present magical elements that are realized in the real world. Therefore, this type of study can preserve the Tatana traditional narrative from disappearing with the penangon (storytellers) who are mostly deceased and can highlight the greatness of the Tatana ancestors in producing the Tatana legends.

Keywords: Etiological legend, Tatana ethnicity, Magical Realism, elements of realism, magic