STRATEGI DAN CABARAN UNTUK MEMPERKASA TARIAN MONGIGOL PATOD DALAM UPACARA MOI PATOD BAGI ETNIK DUSUN BUNDU DI RANAU, SABAH

Abstract

ABSTRAK

 Tarian Mongigol Patod merupakan sebuah tarian yang menjadi sebahagian daripada upacara Moi Patod bagi etnik Dusun Bundu di Ranau, Sabah. Tarian ini bukan sekadar ekspresi seni, sebaliknya berakar daripada amalan ritual yang berfungsi sebagai medium spiritual dan sosial dalam kehidupan masyarakat, termasuk menghubungkan manusia dengan roh nenek moyang serta mencerminkan falsafah keseimbangan antara manusia dan alam dalam kosmologi etnik di Sabah (Sri Ningsih Sukirman, 2020). Namun, arus globalisasi, urbanisasi dan perubahan nilai agama telah menjejaskan kesinambungan tradisi ini (James, 2006, Kraidy, 2005). Kajian ini menumpukan kepada dua aspek utama iaitu strategi pemerkasaan dan cabaran pelestarian dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) berasaskan pendekatan kualitatif melalui temu bual mendalam dan pemerhatian lapangan di Kampung Bundu Tuhan, Ranau. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa walaupun tarian mongigol patod kekal penting sebagai warisan budaya tak ketara etnik Dusun Bundu, kesinambungannya berhadapan dengan cabaran perubahan sosial dan modenisasi, termasuk persepsi negatif terhadap ritual tradisional serta kekangan sokongan dan sumber dalam komuniti tempatan (Sharifuddin Zainal et al., 2023). Strategi pemerkasaan yang dicadangkan meliputi tiga komponen utama iaitu pendidikan budaya komuniti, dokumentasi digital berasaskan akademik, dan pelestarian etika persembahan tanpa menjejaskan kesuciannya (UNESCO, 2003, Yan & Li, 2023). Kajian ini menegaskan bahawa pelestarian tarian mongigol patod memerlukan pendekatan bersepadu yang menyeimbangkan tradisi dengan inovasi moden, serta mengiktiraf komuniti Dusun Bundu sebagai pemegang warisan sah dalam proses pemerkasaan budaya.

Kata kunci: Tarian Mongigol Patod, Upacara Moi Patod, Dusun Bundu, Strategi pemerkasaan, Cabaran pelestarian, Warisan budaya tak ketara.

 ABSTRACT

 The Mongigol Patod dance constitutes an integral component of the moi patod ritual practiced by the Dusun Bundu ethnic community in Ranau, Sabah. This dance is not merely an artistic expression; rather, it is rooted in ritual practices that function as a spiritual and social medium within the community, connecting humans with ancestral spirits and reflecting a philosophy of balance between humans and nature within Sabah’s ethnic cosmology (Sri Ningsih Sukirman, 2020). However, the forces of globalization, urbanization, and transformations in religious values have disrupted the continuity of this tradition (James, 2006, Kraidy, 2005). This study focuses on two primary aspects empowerment strategies and preservation challenges through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis grounded in a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews and field observations conducted in Kampung Bundu Tuhan, Ranau. The findings reveal that although mongigol patod remains significant as an element of the Dusun Bundu community’s intangible cultural heritage, its continuity faces challenges arising from social change and modernisation, including negative perceptions of traditional rituals as well as limited community support and resources (Sharifuddin Zainal et al., 2023). The proposed empowerment strategies encompass three main components: community-based cultural education, academically grounded digital documentation, and the ethical preservation of performance practices without compromising their sacredness (UNESCO, 2003; Yan & Li, 2023). This study asserts that the preservation of mongigol patod requires an integrated approach that balances tradition with modern innovation while recognising the Dusun Bundu community as the legitimate custodians of this cultural heritage within the broader process of cultural empowerment.

 Keywords: Mongigol Patod dance, Moi Patod, Dusun Bundu, Empowerment strategies, Preservation challenges, Intangible cultural heritage.