EVOLUSI PENDIDIKAN VERNAKULAR CINA DI SARAWAK: ANALISIS SEJARAH DASAR PENDIDIKAN DAN LAPORAN PENTADBIRAN, 1841-1963
EVOLUTION OF CHINESE VERNACULAR EDUCATION IN SARAWAK: HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL POLICY AND ADMINISTRATIVE REPORT, 1841-1963
Keywords:
Dasar Pelajaran, laporan pendidikan, Sarawak, Sekolah Rendah Vernakular Cina, Education Policy, education report, Chinese Vernacular Primary School.Abstract
Abstrak Kepentingan pendidikan kepada masyarakat Cina mampu dibuktikan dengan tertubuhnya sekolah-sekolah Cina yang didirikan serta dibiayai oleh masyarakat Cina sendiri tanpa sedikit pun bantuan daripada kerajaan pemerintah. Satu analisis mengenai dasar pendidikan dan laporan pendidikan di Sarawak dilakukan untuk meninjau sejauh mana signifikan dan kesannya terhadap sekolah rendah vernakular Cina di Sarawak. Pada masa yang sama, penulisan ini juga akan menganalisis perkembangan pendidikan vernakular Cina kesan daripada dasar pendidikan dan laporan pendidikan yang telah dilaksanakan. Dapatan kajian membuktikan pendidikan vernakular Cina di Sarawak sentiasa dipantau dan diberikan perhatian oleh kerajaan pemerintah kerana penggunaan bahasa Mandarin dikatakan boleh membawa ancaman keharmonian kepada Sarawak. Dalam pada itu juga, status sekolah vernakular Cina di Sarawak juga mengalami beberapa perubahan sehingga pembentukan Malaysia 1963. Kajian ini adalah bersifat kualitatif iaitu menggunakan pendekatan sejarah berasaskan laporan-laporan rasmi, dokumen rasmi, surat khabar dan lain-lain sumber sekunder. Kepentingan penulisan ini berupaya untuk memperkenalkan salah satu warisan pendidikan vernakular yang masih kekal di Sarawak.
Abstract The importance of education to the Chinese community is proven by the establishment of Chinese schools that are capable and financed by the Chinese community themselves without any help from the government. To assess the degree of relevance and influence on Chinese vernacular primary schools in Sarawak, an analysis of education policy and education report was conducted. This article will also analyze the development of Chinese vernacular education due to the educational policies and education reports that have been implemented. The research findings prove that Chinese vernacular education in Sarawak is always monitored and given special attention by the government because the use of Mandarin is considered a threat to the harmony in Sarawak. Meanwhile, the status of Chinese vernacular schools in Sarawak also experienced several changes until the formation of Malaysia in 1963. This discussion is qualitative in nature, which uses a historical approach and analysis on primary historical documents such as official reports, official documents, newspapers as well as secondary sources. The importance of this writing is trying to introduce one of the vernacular educational heritages that still remain in Sarawak.
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