MENILAI TAHAP PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT BERKAITAN SISTEM PENUAIAN HUJAN (SPAH) DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KUALITI AIR TAKUNGAN HUJAN DAN KEJADIAN BANJIR
EVALUATING COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE OF RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEMS (RWH) AND THEIR IMPACTS ON RAINWATER QUALITY AND FLOOD MITIGATION
Keywords:
SPAH, alternatif, aliran air permukaan, banjir, alternative, stormwater, runoff, flood.Abstract
ABSTRAK Perubahan iklim, perkembangan urbanisasi dan pertambahan penduduk antara faktor utama terjadinya penurunan tahap kualiti dan kuantiti bekalan sumber air dunia. Pelbagai langkah dan cara yang dilakukan bagi mengekang masalah dan isu ini termasuklah menambah baik Sistem Penuaian Air Hujan (SPAH) seiring peredaran masa. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi melihat tahap pengetahuan dan pandangan masyarakat terhadap keberkesanan penggunaan SPAH ini sama ada masih releven pada masa kini dan fungsi SPAH dari aspek penggunaan dalam jangka masa panjang turut akan dibincangkan. Secara umumnya, SPAH ini adalah model yang dibangunkan sebagai alternatif bagi menggantikan kebergantungan terhadap sumber bekalan air bersih disamping memberikan penjimatan terhadap pengguna. Di antara tujuan lain SPAH adalah bagi mengurangkan aliran air permukaan yang mana dapat meningkatkan kejadian banjir. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan soal selidik terhadap 283 orang responden di Lembangan Menggatal sebagai kawasan kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan analisis Korelasi Spearman bagi melihat hubungan di antara pembolehubah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tahap pengetahuan masyarakat dengan kualiti air tuaian (r = -.345, p < 0.001) dan kejadian banjir (r = -.369, p < 0.001). Justeru itu, kajian yang lebih teliti dan mendalam terhadap SPAH ini dari semua aspek harus diteruskan bagi membolehkan sistem ini digunakan dengan selamat oleh setiap lapisan masyarakat. Tambahan lagi, matlamat sistem ini dalam mengurangkan aliran air permukaan dapat diteruskan.
ABSTRACT Climate change, urbanization, and population growth are among the primary factors contributing to the decline in the quality and quantity of global water resources. Various measures and strategies have been implemented to address these challenges, including improving Rainwater Harvesting Systems (RWH) in line with modern developments. This study aims to examine public knowledge and perceptions of the effectiveness of RWH systems, assessing their relevance today and their long-term functionality. Generally, RWH systems are developed as an alternative to reduce reliance on clean water sources while providing cost savings to users. Another key objective of RWH is to reduce surface water runoff, which can help mitigate flooding events. This research adopts a quantitative approach, conducting surveys involving 283 respondents across selected study areas in the Menggatal Basin. The Spearman correlation analysis was employed to assess relationships between variables. Results indicate significant relationships between public knowledge levels and the quality of harvested rainwater (r = -.345, p < 0.001) as well as flood occurrences (r = -.369, p < 0.001). Therefore, further in-depth studies on RWH systems are essential to ensure their safe and effective adoption across different societal levels. Moreover, the system's goal of reducing surface water runoff can be further sustained.
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