IMPAK PELAKSANAAN PERINTAH KAWALAN PERGERAKAN (PKP) DARI ASPEK KESIHATAN DAN HUBUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP GOLONGAN BERPENDAPATAN RENDAH BERSTATUS B40 DI BANDARAYA KOTA KINABALU, SABAH

THE IMPACT OF MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER (PKP) IMPLEMENTATION FROM THE HEALTH AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF THE B40 GROUP IN KOTA KINABALU, SABAH

Abstract

Golongan berpendapatan rendah lebih mudah terancam dengan gelombang pandemik COVID-19 berbanding golongan berpendapatan tinggi. Salah satu situasi yang menggambarkan hal ini adalah semasa tempoh pelaksanaan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) dijalankan. Dalam tempoh tersebut, berlakunya ketidakstabilan ekonomi golongan berpendapatan rendah (B40). Hal ini demikian kerana, selain menyumbang kepada masalah pengangguran, pelaksanaan PKP juga menyebabkan berlakunya pengurangan terhadap jumlah pendapatan bulanan. Keadaan ini menggambarkan bahawa pelaksanaan PKP mendatangkan impak yang negatif kepada golongan berpendapatan rendah khususnya dari sudut ekonomi. Walau bagaimanapun, impak PKP tidak harus dipandang dari sudut ekonomi semata-mata,  sebaliknya haruslah dilihat dalam aspek yang lebih luas. Rentetan daripada itu, kajian ini ingin mengenal pasti impak pelaksanaan PKP dari aspek kesihatan dan sosial golongan B40 di Bandaraya Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Selain itu, kajian ini juga ingin mengenal pasti hubungan angkubah jenis sektor pekerjaan golongan B40 dengan persetujuan terhadap pelaksanaan PKP. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah survei dalam proses pengutipan data di lapangan. Teknik Analisis Komponen Utama, Ujian Khi Kuasa Dua dan Analisis Tabulasi Silang pula digunakan untuk menganalisis data mentah yang telah diperoleh. Analisis kajian ini mendapati terdapat tiga impak utama pelaksanaan PKP daripada
aspek kesihatan dan hubungan sosial, iaitu peningkatan keselamatan dan jalinan kekeluargaan, keharmonian masyarakat dan ketenangan jiwa serta peningkatan kesihatan.

People who are in the low-income group are more vulnerable to the pandemic wave of COVID-19 compare to those who are in the high-income group. One of the situations that illustrates this is during the period of Movement Control Order (PKP) implementation is carried out. During that period of time, the B40 group experienced economic instability. This
is because, apart from facing unemployment problem, the implementation of PKP also causes a reduction in the total monthly income among the B40 group. This situation illustrates that the implementation of PKP has a negative impact on the low-income group, especially from an economic point of view. However, the impact of PKP should not only be viewed from an economic point of view alone but instead should be seen in a broader aspect. Following that, this study would like to identify the impact of PKP implementation from the health and social aspects of the B40 group in Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah. In addition to that, this study also aims to identify the relationship of variables between the type of employment sector among the B40 group and the agreement on the implementation of PKP. This study uses survey methods on the field during the process of data collection. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Techniques, Chi Square Test and Cross Tabulation Analysis are used to analyze the raw data that has been obtained. The analysis of this study found that there are three main impacts of the implementation of PKP in terms of health and social relations, namely,
the increased of security and family ties, communal harmony and peace of mind as well as improved health.