Relationship between stress coping factors with stress level during practical training among trainee teachers: A PLS-SEM approach

Ngui Geok Kim; Lay Yoon Fah

doi:10.51200/jpp.v6i1.8217

Authors

Ngui Geok Kim
Lay Yoon Fah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51200/jpp.v6i1.8217

Keywords:

practicum, stress, stress coping factors, resiliency, self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, subjective wellbeing, PLS-SEM

Abstract

Practicum is a highly stressful situation whereby trainee teachers are subjected to a high quality standard, deals with numerous students' behaviour, adapt with the school climate and so forth. In this stress coping factors comprising of self-efficacy, subjective well-being and emotional intelligence are associated with practicum stress experienced by 137 trainee teachers in the Sabah Teacher Education Institutions (TEls). Resiliency Scale for Young Adults (RSYA), Teachers 'Sense of Efficacy Scale, the Emotional Intelligence Traits, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Rating Pre-Service Teacher Events for Stress Scale were adapted and used in this study. Collected data were analysed using the PLS-SEM approach. The result showed self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, subjective well-being and stress are moderate but resiliency has moderately low level. Self-efficacy and subjective well-being are significant predictors of resilience and stress, however, emotional intelligence is not. It is hoped that this study will provide more understanding about stress and stress coping abilities so that appropriate orientation, content, and practice during practicum can be planned and implemented in an effort to prepare high quality educators.

References

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action— A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Biggart, L., Corr, P., O’Brien, M. and Cooper, N. (2010). “Trait emotional intelligence and work– family conflict in fathers”, Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 48(8),: 911-6.

Bonanno, G. (2012). “Uses and abuses of resilience construct: Loss, trauma, and healthrelated adversities”, Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 74: 53-6.

Borg, M. (1990). “Occupational stress in British educational settings”, A review. Educational Psychology, 10: 103-126

Caires, S., Almeida, L. S. and Martins, C. (2010). “The Socioemotional Experiences of Student Teachers During Practicum: A Case of Reality Shock?”, The Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 103(1): 17-27.

Capel, S. A. (1997). “Changes in students’ anxieties and concerns after their first and second teaching practices”, Educational Research, 39:211-228.

Castro, A., Kelly, J. and Shih, M. (2010). “Resilience strategies for teachers in high-needs areas”, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 26: 622-629.

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T. and Mermelstein, R. (1983). “A Global Measure of Perceived Stress”, Journal of Health and Social Behavior, Vol. 24: 385-396.

Cooper, A. and Petrides, K. V. (2010). “A psychometric analysis of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire–Short Form (TEIQ–SF) using item response theory”, Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 92(5): 449-457.

Diener, E. (1984). “Subjective Well-Being”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 95: 542-575.

Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J. and Griffin, S. (1985). “The Satisfaction With Life Scale”, Journal of Personality and Assessment, Vol. 49: 71-75.

Farrell, T. (2008). “Here’s the book, go teach the class”, ELT practicum support. RELC, Vol. 39(2): 226-241.

Fives, H. (2003). “Exploring the relationships of teachers’ efficacy, knowledge, and pedagogical beliefs: A multimethod study”. Unpublished Ph.D., University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States.

French, J.R.P., Jr. and Kahn R.L. (1962). “A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health”, Journal of Social Issues, 18(3): 1–47.

French, J.R.P. and Caplan, R.D. (1972). “Occupational stress and individual strain”, in A.J. Marrow (ed.), The Failure of Success, New York: Armacom, 30–66.

French, J. R. P., Caplan, R. D. and Harrison, R. V. (1982). The Mechanisms of Job Stress and Strain, London: Wiley.

French, J.R.P. and Kahn, R.L. (1962). “A programmatic approach to studying the industrial environment and mental health”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 18(3): 1–47.

Goh, P. S. and Matthews, B. (2011). “Listening To the Concerns of Student Teachers in Malaysia During Teaching Practice”, Australian Journal of Teacher Education, Vol. 36(Iss. 3): Article 3.

Hoy, A. W. and Spero, R. B. (2005). “Changes in teacher efficacy during the early years of teaching: a comparison of four measures”, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 21: 343-356.

Kabilan, M. K. and Rajab, M. R. I. (2008). “Challenges faced and strategies adopted by a Malaysian English language teacher during teaching practice”, English Language Teaching, Vol. 1, June: 87-96.

Karasek, R. A. and Theorell, T. (1990). Healthy work: Stress, productivity and - The reconstruction of working life. New York: Basic Books.

Kennedy, J. (1996). Meeting the needs of teacher trainees on teaching practice. In Tricia Hedges & Norman Whitney (Eds.), Power, pedagogy & practice, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 171-181.

Klassen, R. M. Dunk, T. L. (2014). “Weekly self-efficacy and work stress during the teaching practicum: a mixed method study”, Learning and Instruction, Vol. 33: 158-160.

Lazarus, R. S. and Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping . New York: Springer.

Malik, S. and Ajmal, F. (2010). “Levels, causes and coping strategies of stress during teaching practice”, Journal of Law and Psychology, September: 17-25.

Mapfumo, J. S., Chitsiko, N. and Chireshe, R. (2012). “Teaching practice generated stressors and coping mechanisms among student teachers in Zimbabwe”, South African Journal of Education, Vol. 32: 155-166.

Marshall, J. and Cooper, C. (1979). “Work experiences of middle and senior managers: the pressure and satisfaction”, International Management Review, Vol. 19: 81-96.

Morton, L. L., Vesco, R., Williams, N. H. and Awender, M. A. (1997). “Student teachers’ anxieties related to class management, pedagogy, evaluation, and staff relations”, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 67: 69-89. NIOSH (2002), (URL), Stress Definition, available at: www.cdc.gov/niosh/stresswk.htm.

Ong, S. K., Ros, Amisha, S., Azlian, A. A., Shamti, K. and Ho, L. C. (2004). “Trainee teachers’ perceptions of the school practicum”, Proceedings of the National Seminar on English Language Teaching, Bangi: Faculty of Education, UKM., 84-89.

Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M. and Straub, D.W. (2012): “A critical look at the use of PLS-SEM in MIS quarterly”, MIS Q, Vol. 36: iii-xiv.

Salovey, P. and J. Mayer. (1990). “Emotional intelligence”, Imagination Cognition and Personality, Vol. 9: 185-211.

Skaalvik, E. M and Skaalvik, S. (2010) “Teacher self-efficacy and teacher burnout: A study of relations”, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 26: 1059-1069.

Soave, A. E. (2014) “Examining the relationship of variables associated with pre-service teachers’ coping during their practicum experience”, University of Western Ontario – Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository Paper, 1958.

Spielberger, C.D., Vagg, P.R. and Wasala, C.F. (2002). “Occupational stress job pressures and lack of support”, in J.C. Quick and L. Tetrick (eds), Handbook of Occupational Health, Psychology, Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 185–200.

Tan, A. L., Abd Aziz Abd Shukor and Mahani Razali. (2012). “Emotional intelligence and subject major specialization as predictor for practicum performance”, Scottish Journal of Arts, Social Sciences and Scientific Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, November: 41-51.

Tschannen-Moran, M. and Woolfolk Hoy, A. (2001). “Teacher efficacy: Capturing an elusive construct”, Teaching and Teacher Education, Vol. 17: 783-805.

Wagnild, G. M. and Young, H. M. (1990). “Resilience among older women”, Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Vol. 22: 252-255.

Wagnild, G. M. and Young, H.M. (1993). “Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale”, Journal of Nursing Measurement,Vol. 1, No. 2: 165-178.

Weisinger, H. (2000). Emotional intelligence at work. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Wendt I.C.and Bain L.L. (1989) “Concerns of preservice and inservice physical educators”, Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 8:177-180.

Windle, G., Woods, R.T. and Markland, D. (2010). “Living with ill-health in older age: the role of a resilient personality”, Journal of Happiness Studies, Vol. 11: 763-777.

Wood, R. and Bandura, A. (1989). Social cognitive theory oforganizational management. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 14, 361-384.