Penilaian koswer multimedia interaktif dengan pendekatan koperatif masteri dalam meningkatkan pencapaian respirasi sel: Evaluation of interactive multimedia courseware using a cooperative mastery approach in improving achievement in cellular respiration

Fazzlijan Mohamed Adnan Khan

doi:10.51200/jpp.v6i1.8224

Authors

Fazzlijan Mohamed Adnan Khan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51200/jpp.v6i1.8224

Keywords:

pembelajaran koperatif masteri, koswer multimedia interaktif, pembelajaran respirasi sel

Abstract

Kajian ini dijalankan bagi melihat keberkesanan koswer multimedia interaktif bagi topik Respirasi Sel peringkat Matrikulasi terhadap skor pencapaian pemikiran aras tinggi (HOT). Satu koswer multimedia interaktif telah dibangunkan dan diaplikasikan melalui strategi yang dinamakan Pembelajaran Masteri berbantukan Multimedia (PMM) dan Pembelajaran Koperatif Masteri berbantukan Multimedia (PKMM). Pendekatan PMM melibatkan penggunaan koswer yang disematkan komponen-komponen masteri di dalamnya dan dijalankan melalui pembelajaran individu sementara PKMM dilaksanakan secara pembelajaran berkumpulan. Pembolehubah tidak bersandar adalah koswer multimedia interaktif dengan strategi PMM dan PKMM. Manakala pembolehubah bersandar yang dikaji ialah skor pencapaian ujian pra dan ujian pasca Respirasi Sel yang mengukur kesemua domain kognitif taksonomi Bloom baharu (mengingat, memahami, mengaplikasi, menganalisis, menilai dan mencipta). Kajian eksperimental kuasi digunakan dengan melibatkan 145 pelajar. Ujian ANCOVA satu hala dilakukan terhadap skor ujian pasca respirasi sel. Hasil analisis kajian ini mendapati pelajar yang melalui PKMM memperoleh pencapaian skor pencapaian lebih baik secara signifikan berbanding PMM. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan bahawa komponen-komponen pembelajaran masteri yang dipersembahkan melalui elemen animasi grafik dan teks telah memainkan peranan penting dalam mengstruktur langkah-langkah pengajaran yang lebih sistematik sebagai panduan kepada pelajar. Kombinasi pembelajaran koperatif pula telah mengukuhkan lagi peranan pembelajaran masteri untuk menguasai pembelajaran secara bersepadu.

This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of interactive multimedia courseware for the topic of Cellular Respiration at the matriculation level in improving higher-order thinking (HOT) achievement scores. An interactive multimedia courseware was developed and implemented through two strategies, namely Multimedia-Assisted Mastery Learning (MAML) and Multimedia-Assisted Cooperative Mastery Learning (MACML). The MAML approach involved the use of courseware embedded with mastery learning components and was implemented through individual learning, whereas MACML was conducted through group-based learning. The independent variable was the interactive multimedia courseware implemented through the MAML and MACML strategies. The dependent variable was the students’ pre-test and post-test achievement scores in Cellular Respiration, which measured all cognitive domains in the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, namely remembering, understanding, applying, analysing, evaluating, and creating. A quasi-experimental research design was employed involving 145 students. A one-way ANCOVA was conducted on the post-test scores for Cellular Respiration. The findings showed that students who participated in MACML achieved significantly higher scores compared with those who participated in MAML. This finding can be explained by the mastery learning components presented through graphic animation and text, which played an important role in structuring systematic instructional steps as guidance for students. The combination of cooperative learning further strengthened the role of mastery learning in facilitating integrated learning mastery.

References

Alessi, S. M. & Trollip, S. R. (2001). Multimedia for learning : Methods and development (3rd ed). Massachusetts: Allyn & Bacon.

Bloom, B. S. (1968). Learning for mastery. Evaluation Comment, 1 (2), 1-12.

Che Soh Said (2012). Pembangunan dan penilaian keberkesanan koswer multimedia interaktif dengan koswer realiti maya dalam pembelajaran Biologi sel. Disertasi Doktor Falsafah tidak diterbitkan. Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Chang, W. N., & Zelher, R. D. (2011). The relative effects of positive interdependence and group processing on student achievement and attitude in online cooperative learning. Computers & Education, 56(3), 680-688.

Dow, W. (2006). The need to change pedagogies in science and technology subjects: a European perspective. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 16(3), 307-321.

Grant, G., Fazzaro, D. E. & Steinle, L. (2014). Application of problem based earning and mastery learning to multimedia Education. Online Journal for Workforce Education and Development, 7(1), 1-17.

Guskey, T. R. (1997). Implementing mastery learning. New York: Wadsworth.

Guskey, T. R. (2007). Closing achievement gaps: Revisiting Benjamin S. Bloom’s “Learning for Mastery”. Journal of Advanced Academics, 19(1), 8-31.

Hooper, S., Temiyakam, C. & Williams, M.D. (1993). The effects of cooperative learning and learner control on high- and average-ability students. Educational Technology Research and Development, 41(2), 5-18.

Institut Penyelidikan Pendidikan Negara IPPN Report. (2004). Kajian prestasi akademik pelajar lepasan matrikulasi di institut pengajian tinggi awam. Pulau Pinang: Universiti Sains Malaysia.

Johnson, D. W. & Johnson, R. T. (2008). Social interdependence theory and cooperative learning: The teacher’s role. Dalam Gillies, R.M., Ashman, A.F. & Terwel, J. (Eds), The teacher’s role in implementing cooperative learning in the classroom (9-37). New York: Springer Science Business Media.

Kagan, S. (1994). Cooperative Learning . San Clemente, California: Kagan Publishing.

Kulik, J. A., Kulik, C.C., Bangert-Drowns, R.L. (1990). Effectiveness of mastery learning programs: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 60(2), 265-299.

Osborne, J. (2013). The 21st Century Challenge for Science education: Assessing scientific reasoning. Journal thinking Skills and Creativity, 10(2), 265-279.

Slavin, R.E. (1991). Synthesis of research on cooperative learning. Educational Leadership, 48(5), 71-82.

Tanner, K., Chatman, L.S., & Allen, D. (2003). Approaches to cell biology teaching: Cooperative learning in the science classroom - beyond students working in groups. Cell Biology Education, 2, 1-5.