Bustan al-Salatin Panduan kepada Pemerintahan Islam yang Adil oleh Golongan Pembantu Raja ~ Bustan al-Salatin as a Guide to Justice of Islamic Government by King’s Aides
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v26i.1059Keywords:
Keadilan, Islam, raja, pembantu raja, naskhah Bustan al-Salatin. ~ Justice, king, king’s aides, Bustan al-Salatin.Abstract
Konsep keadilan dalam Islam mempunyai pengertian yang luas dan mendalam. Keadilan dalam Islam mencakupi keseluruhan sudut kehidupan manusia tanpa sebarang pengecualian. Golongan raja atau pemerintah sering dikaitkan dengan konsep keadilan. Hal ini demikian kerana golongan ini memegang amanah dan tanggungjawab yang besar terhadap rakyat dan negara di bawah pemerintahannya. Namun begitu, konsep keadilan juga dianggap penting bagi golongan pembantu raja iaitu golongan kadi, wazir, utusan dan kahtib. Oleh itu, artikel ini akan membincangkan konsep keadilan Islam oleh golongan pembantu raja yang terdapat dalam naskhah Bustan al-Salatin di samping menganalisis implikasi amalan keadilan dalam sistem pemerintahan sesebuah kerajaan. Kajian ini akan menggunakan kaedah analisis teks dan kaedah kepustakaan. Selain itu, kajian ini akan menggunakan teori keadilan Islam oleh Majid Khadduri (1999). Menurut beliau, keadilan dalam Islam dapat dibahagikan kepada beberapa aspek, iaitu keadilan politik, keadilan teologi, keadilan falsafah, keadilan akhlak, keadilan undang-undang, keadilan antara bangsa dan keadilan sosial.
The concept of justice in Islam has a broad and deep understanding. Justice in Islam embraces all aspects of human life without exception. The Kings or governments are often associated with the concept of justice. This is because these people hold the trust and great responsibility toward the people and the country under their rule. However, the concept of justice is also considered important for the king’s aides, whom are the the viziers, messengers and scribes. This article discusses the concept of Islamic justice embraced by the king’s aides as recorded in the Bustan al-Salatin and the implications of the practice of justice in the system of a government. This study employed the methods of textual and documentary analysis. In addition, this study incorporated the theory of Islamic justice by Majid Khadduri (1999). According to Majid Khadduri, the justice in Islam can be divided into several aspects, such as political justice, theological justice, philosophy of justice, morality justice, legal justice, justice between peoples, and social justice.
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