KEDINAMIKAN PENYAMPAIAN FATWA NEGERI-NEGERI DI MALAYSIA: PENILAIAN ADAPTASI BERDASARKAN “KIRKPATRICK MODEL OF EVALUATIONâ€
Dynamism of Delivering the States Fatwa in Malaysia: Adaptation Assessment from “Kirkpatrick Model of Evaluationâ€
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v27i.1312Abstract
Kewujudan fatwa adalah berasaskan realiti sebenar dalam masyarakat dan bukanlah merupakan suatu rekaan oleh para ulama. Dalam erti kata lain, fatwa merupakan satu jawapan hukum yang dikemukakan sebagai respons terhadap persoalan yang diajukan serta hasil tindak balas terhadap apa yang berlaku dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Sukar untuk memperakui bahawa respons sesuatu isu adalah milik mutlak individu tertentu. Respons institusi fatwa terhadap permasalahan yang dikemukakan juga merupakan jawapan kepada persoalan hidup individu lain yang memerlukan penyelesaian dalam aspek agama. Persoalannya, adakah ia dapat memberi keyakinan kepada masyarakat umum yang terdiri daripada pelbagai fikrah dan keperluannya. Makalah bersifat teoretikal ini menganalisis kesesuaian cadangan adaptasi “Kirkpatrick Model of Evaluation†dalam penyampaian fatwa-fatwa negeri di Malaysia supaya lebih bersifat dinamik dan efisien. Model yang dibangunkan oleh Donald L. Kirkpatrick ini menggunakan empat peringkat pengkategorian, iaitu reaksi, pembelajaran, tingkah laku dan hasil. Setiap fatwa yang dikeluarkan diharap dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat umum kerana penghasilannya adalah melalui penyelidikan dan perbincangan para ulama yang dibuat dengan penuh ketelitian.
Kata kunci: Fatwa, Kirkpatrick Model of Evaluation, negeri-negeri di Malaysia.
The existence of the fatwa is based on the reality in society and is not designed by the ulama. In other words, a fatwa is a jurisprudence answer that is presented in response to the question raised and the result of the reaction to what is happening in the life of the community. It is hard to acknowledge
that the response to the issue belongs to a particular individual. Fatwa institutions response to the issues raised is also an answer to the question of
the lives of other individuals who required a solution in the religious aspect. The only question is whether it could provide confidence (assurance?) to the
general public from different ideology and its needs. This theoretical paper analyzes the suitability of adaptation of the Kirkpatrick Model of Evaluation
in delivering of states fatwa in Malaysia to be more dynamic and efficient. The model developed by Donald L. Kirkpatrick uses four-level categories of
categorization namely reaction, learning, behavior and outcomes. It is hoped that every fatwa is well accepted by the general public as its income is through the research done by scholars with a thorough observation/inspection.
Keywords: Fatwa, Kirkpatrick Model of Evaluation, states in Malaysia.
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