SEKULARISASI DALAM PERUNDANGAN TURKI DAN KESANNYA TERHADAP MASYARAKAT
Secularization in Turkish Legislation and its Impacts on Society
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v28i.1589Abstract
Abstrak
Pengisytiharan Turki sebagai sebuah negara republik oleh Mustafa Kemal Ataturk telah membuka laluan kepada proses sekularisasi, khususnya dalam aspek perundangan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji proses sekularisasi dalam perundangan Turki serta mengenal pasti kesannya terhadap masyarakat. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kajian kepustakaan dan dokumentasi sebagai metode pengumpulan data. Metode analisis kandungan dijalankan ke atas data-data yang diperoleh. Kajian mendapati proses sekularisasi perundangan Turki telah dilakukan sejak era Khilafah Uthmaniyyah dan diteruskan secara lebih agresif pada era Ataturk. Sekularisasi dalam perundangan telah memberi kesan terhadap gaya hidup masyarakat di bandar serta menyumbang kepada konflik polarisasi masyarakat. Justeru, kajian ini menegaskan bahawa sekularisasi dalam perundangan Turki merupakan cerminan kepada kegagalan Ataturk dalam membezakan di antara keperluan untuk maju dengan keperluan bagi memelihara Islam sebagai warisan tradisi Turki.
Kata kunci: Khilafah Uthmaniyyah, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, sekularisasi, perundangan Turki, Perlembagaan Turki, polarisasi masyarakat.
Abstract
The declaration of Turkey as a republic by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk paved the way to the secularization process, especially in legal aspect. This study aims to examine the process of secularization in Turkish legislation and its impacts on society. This study was conducted through library research and documentation methods for the data collection. Content analysis method was carried out on those data. The study found that the secularization process of Turkish legislation was done since the era of the Ottoman Caliphate, and the process was continued aggressively during Ataturk era. Secularization in Turkish legislation has affected the lifestyle of urban people and contributed to the polarization of society. This study argues that the secularization in Turkish legislation was a reflection of Ataturk’s failure to distinguish between the necessities of modernization with the need to preserve Islam as a heritage of Turkish tradition.
Keywords: Ottoman Caliphate, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, secularization, Turkish legislation, Constitution of Turkey, polarization of society.
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