KEWUJUDAN BAHASA ANTARA DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR SUKU DUSUN TINDAL
The Existence of Interlanguage among Dusun Tindal Tribe Learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v31i1.2051Keywords:
Bahasa antara, transmisi bahasa antara genarasi, pemmindahan latihan, terlebih generalisasi, kontinum bahasa antara, penara bahasa antara, akrolek, Interlanguage, intergenerational language transmission, transfer of training, overgeneralization, continuum of interlanguage, interlanguage plateau, acrolectAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan meneliti bentuk bahasa antara dalam penulisan karangan pelajar suku Dusun Tindal. Kajian kes dijalankan di Sekolah Menengah Tenghilan, Tuaran, Sabah yang melibatkan sebanyak 69 pelajar, 12 orang guru bahasa Melayu (BM) dan dua informan dari komuniti suku Dusun Tindal. Instrumen penyelidikan ialah set soal selidik, ujian karangan dan inventori terjemahan versi ayat bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Dusun Tindal. Terdapat beberapa penemuan penting daripada penyelidikan ini. Kebanyakan skor penulisan karangan bahasa Melayu pelajar pada peringkat ‘baik’ tetapi kandungan karangan masih terdapat bentuk bahasa antara, iaitu pemindahan latihan akibat pelajar menggunakan struktur ayat bahasa ibunda yang bermula dengan frasa kerja atau adjektif. Ayat yang mengandungi bentuk terlebih generalisasi menggambarkan penara sementara bahasa antara. Guru-guru bahasa menyarankan beberapa strategi bagi meleraikan bentuk bahasa antara, terutamanya mengambil sikap yang betul terhadap kesilapan bahasa pelajar. Kontinum bahasa antara pelajar kebanyakannya berada pada tahap akrolek antara skor 81 hingga 97. Tahap ini menghampiri kompeten bahasa penutur asli. Akhir sekali dan tidak kurang pentingnya, penyelidikan yang sistematik adalah perlu untuk menyelesaikan masalah bahasa antara dalam semua aspek bahasa. Sebagai langkah penambahbaikan, penyelidikan punca penara sementara adalah munasabah untuk mengatasi halangan bahasa antara yang dihadapi oleh pelajar suku Dusun Tindal.
This research was aimed at examining the interlanguage forms in essay writing by learners from the Dusun Tindal community. The case study was conducted at Tenghilan Secondary School in Tuaran, Sabah and involved 69 students, 12 Bahasa Melayu teachers and two informants from the community. The research instruments comprised a set of questionnaires, essay tests and translation inventory of the Malay and Dusun Tindal syntactic versions. Several important findings emerged in this research. Most Malay language essay writing scores were at the ‘good’ level but the contents still presented forms of interlanguage i.e. transfer of training due to students’ tendency of using mother tongue sentence structure of frontal verbal or adjectival phrases. Sentences incorporating the overgeneralization
form depicted a temporary plateau of interlanguage. Language teachers suggested several strategies to remove interlanguage especially by adopting an appropriate attitude towards student language errors. The continuum of interlanguage of students were mostly at the acrolect level between 81 to 97 scores. This stage approximated near-native speaker competence. Last but not least, a systematic research is necessary to overcome interlanguage in all aspects of language. As an improvement measure, research on the source of the temporary plateau would be a viable move to overcome interlanguage obstacles faced by learners from the Dusun Tindal community.
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