IMPAK PENJAJAHAN BARAT TERHADAP SISTEM PERUNDANGAN DAN KEHAKIMAN ISLAM DI SARAWAK
THE IMPACT OF WESTERN COLONIZATION ON THE ISLAMIC LEGAL AND JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN SARAWAK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v35i2.5764Keywords:
Impak, penjajahan Barat, perundangan Islam, kehakiman Islam, Sarawak, Impact, western colonialisation, Islamic legal, Islamic judicialAbstract
Abstrak Penjajahan Barat telah memberikan impak yang signifikan terhadap pelbagai aspek kehidupan masyarakat Islam di Sarawak terutamanya dalam aspek sosial, ekonomi dan politik. Data dari kajian menunjukkan bahawa pengenalan undang-undang Barat telah mengakibatkan perubahan penting dalam struktur perundangan dan kehakiman Islam di Sarawak, termasuk pengenalan sistem dwi kehakiman yang memisahkan undang-undang Islam dengan undang-undang sivil. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis interaksi antara undang-undang Barat dan undang-undang Islam di Sarawak dan menjelaskan bagaimana pengenalan undang-undang Barat telah mempengaruhi struktur, proses dan pelaksanaan undang-undang Islam di Sarawak. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kajian kualitatif menerusi kaedah kajian historiografi yang menekankan tentang empat langkah penting iaitu heuristik, kritikan sumber, analisis dan interpretasi data dan historiografi (penulisan sejarah). Kesimpulannya, penjajahan Barat di Sarawak khususnya pada era pemerintahan Brooke telah banyak mempengaruhi sistem perundangan dan kehakiman Islam di Sarawak. Tambahan pula, terdapat transformasi dalam pelaksanaan undang-undang Islam yang sering kali dipengaruhi oleh nilai-nilai dan amalan perundangan Barat. Penjajahan Barat juga memberi kesan yang sukar kepada masyarakat Islam di Sarawak khususnya dalam aspek pengaruh cara hidup, kepercayaan, dan identiti mereka. Oleh itu, pemahaman yang komprehensif tentang interaksi antara undang-undang Islam dan undang-undang Barat di Sarawak adalah sangat penting untuk difahami terutamanya dalam aspek perkembangan sistem perundangan dan kehakiman Islam serta kesannya terhadap masyarakat Islam di Sarawak.
Abstract Western colonization has had a significant impact on various aspects of the Muslim community's lives in Sarawak, especially in the social, economic and political domains. According to studies, the introduction of Western laws in Sarawak has led to significant changes in Islam's legal and judicial structure, including establishing a dual judicial system that separates Islamic law from civil law. The objective of this study is to analyze the interaction between Western laws and Islamic laws in Sarawak and to elucidate how the introduction of Western laws has influenced the structure, processes and implementation of Islamic laws in Sarawak. This study uses a qualitative research approach through historiographical methods, focusing on four key steps: heuristics, source criticism, data analysis and historiographical interpretation. In conclusion, Western colonization in Sarawak, particularly during the Brooke administration era, has greatly impacted the legal and judicial system of Islam in Sarawak. Furthermore, the values and practices of Western legislation often transform and influence the implementation of Islamic laws. Western colonization has also posed significant challenges to the Muslim community in Sarawak, particularly in terms of their way of life, beliefs and identity. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the interaction between Islamic and Western laws in Sarawak is crucial, especially concerning the development of Islamic legal and judicial systems and their implications for the Muslim community in there.
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