KESELAMATAN MAKANAN: PEMETAAN PENANAMAN SEMULA KELAPA SAWIT DI LAHAD DATU, SABAH.
Food Security: Mapping of Palm Replantation In Lahad Datu, Sabah.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/manu.v36i1.6494Keywords:
Industri kelapa sawit, Keselamatan Makanan, Pemetaan, Lahad Datu, Oil Palm Industry, Food Security, MappingAbstract
Abstrak
Pengeksploitasian guna tanah melalui penanaman kelapa sawit di Lahad Datu merupakan isu yang kompleks. Hal ini kerana bukan sahaja mewujudkan pelbagai kesan terhadap alam sekitar, ekonomi dan masyarakat setempat tetapi juga berkait rapat dengan isu keselamatan makanan. Penanaman kelapa sawit secara besar-besaran menyebabkan pengurangan tanah pertanian makanan seperti padi, sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan. Situasi ini akhirnya menjejaskan ketersediaan makanan dan menyebabkan peningkatan import makanan dari luar negara. Selain itu penanaman kelapa sawit secara besar-besaran turut menyebabkan kemerosotan kualiti tanah dan menjadikan kurang sesuai untuk penanaman pelbagai jenis tanaman yang penting untuk keseimbangan diet dan keselamatan makanan. Objektif utama makalah ialah pemetaan semula penanaman kelapa sawit dengan melibatkan pendekatan yang lebih strategik dalam menguruskan tanah untuk memastikan kelangsungan industri kelapa sawit disamping memelihara keselamatan makanan dan alam sekitar. Kajian mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif dan teknik pemerhatian di lapangan. Bagi mendapatkan hasil kajian yang komprehensif, kajian turut mengaplikasikan teknik penyeliaan analisis yang terdiri daripada pemetaan guna tanah dan litupan tanah (LULC) dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). Kajian mendapati bahawa pengurusan tanah yang lebih seimbang dapat mengurangkan kesan negatif seperti kemerosotan kualiti tanah, kehilangan habitat, mempromosikan kepelbagaian tanaman di kawasan kelapa sawit, peningkatan pengeluaran makanan tempatan, pengurangan kebergantungan kepada import makanan dan peningkatan ketahanan terhadap krisis makanan.
Abstract
Exploitation of land use through oil palm cultivation in Lahad Datu is a complex issue. This is because it not only creates various impacts on the environment, economy, and local communities but is also closely related to food security issues. The large-scale cultivation of oil palm has led to a reduction in agricultural land for food crops such as rice, vegetables, and fruits. This situation ultimately affects food availability and leads to increased food imports from abroad. Additionally, large-scale oil palm cultivation has also led to the degradation of soil quality, making it less suitable for growing a variety of crops that are important for a balanced diet and food security.. The main objective of this paper is to remap oil palm cultivation by involving a more strategic approach to land management to ensure the sustainability of the oil palm industry while preserving food security and the environment. The study applies qualitative methods and field observation techniques. To obtain comprehensive research results, the study also applies analytical supervision techniques that include land use and land cover mapping (LULC) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The study finds that more balanced land management can reduce negative impacts such as soil quality degradation, habitat loss, promote crop diversity in oil palm areas, increase local food production, reduce dependence on food imports, and enhance resilience against food crises.
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