IDEA DAN DILEMA DI SEBALIK PEMINDAHAN KEDAULATAN WILAYAH BORNEO DALAM GREATER MALAYSIA
The Idea and Dilemma Behind The Transfer of Sovereignty of Borneo Territories in Greater Malaysia
Keywords:
Wilayah Borneo, Kedaulatan, Idea autonomiAbstract
Kertas kerja mengupas tentang idea dan dilema pemindahan kedaulatan wilayah Borneo (Sarawak dan Borneo Utara) semasa proses pembentukan The Greater Malaysia. Persoalan kedaulatan wilayah Borneo telah menjadi tema utama dan konflik sepanjang perbincangan antara Kerajaan British dan Kerajaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu. Aspek dilema pengalihan kedaulatan wilayah menyaksikan proses rundingan antara Kerajaan British dan Kerajaan Persekutuan Tanah Melayu untuk merangka jaminan perlindungan yang memuaskan bagi wilayah Borneo sebelum kedua-dua wilayah tersebut menjadi sebahagian daripada rancangan The Greater Malaysia. Sehubungan dengan itu, Kerajaan British berhasrat mencadangkan keperluan sebuah alternatif “kondominium” kepada Tunku Abdul Rahman bagi bersama-sama mengendalikan urusan pentadbiran Sarawak dan Borneo Utara dan sebagai persediaan awal sebelum pengalihan kedaulatan dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Kajian kualitatif ini berpandukan penyelidikan sumber primer Dapatan kajian penting untuk menjelaskan kesinambungan isu pengalihan kedaulatan wilayah yang pada akhirnya akan membawa kepada naratif penawaran perlindungan wilayah Borneo kemudiannya akan diimplimentasikan menjadi idea hak autonomi dalam Perjanjian Malaysia 1963.
References
Dokumen Arkib
A/AC.109/PET.51, Petition From The Secretary-General, Sarawak United Peoples’ Party Concerning Sarawak to United Nations Special Committee, Annex A: Cardinal Principle of The Rule of The English Rajahs, 4 March 1963.
CAB 130/179, GEN 754/1st Meeting, Preparations for the London Talks: Minutes of the Frist Meeting of the Cabinet Greater Malaysia Committee, 9 November 1961. DO 35/10019, No E/195, Closer Association of Borneo territories: Letter from Sir A Abell to F D Jakeway, 2 December 1959.
CAB 134/1949, GM(61)11(Final), 'Greater Malaysia: Report by the Chairman of the Official Committee': Report for Ministers by Sir A Cluttterbuck. Appendices B and C, 20 October 1961.
CO 1030/1011, No E/280(iii), Sir J Martin's Mission: Note of a Meeting of British Officials with Lee Kuan Yew, 16 January 1962.
CO 1030/1079 No 11, North Borneo and the 'Grand Design': Letter From Sir W Goode to E Melville, 14 June 1961.
CO 1030/1079 No 2, Closer Association of the Borneo Territories: Letter from Lord Selkirk to Mr. Macleod, Reporting on the 13th Inter-Territorial Conference of Borneo Territories in Jesselton, 2 May 1961.
CO 1030/982 No 498C, Crash Programme for 'Greater Malaysia': Letter from Lord Selkirk to Mr. Macleod, Urging 'A Crash Programme' on Merger to Ensure Survival of Lee Kuan Yew's Government, 24 August 1961.
CO 1030/983 No. 615, Crash Programme for 'Greater Malaysia': Letter from Lord Selkirk to Mr. Macleod, amplifying the case put in Document 55, 16 September 1961.
Parliamentary Debates, Dewan Rakyat, Volume III, No. 16, 16th October 1961, hlm. 1590-1613.
PREM 11/3418 Proposal for talks in London: Letter from Tunku Abdul Rahman to Mr. Macmillan, 4 September 1961.
PREM 11/3418 Proposal to hold talks in London: Letter from Mr. Macmillan to Tunku Abdul Rahman, replying to document 46, 3 August 1961.
PREM 11/3418, 'Grand Design': Inward telegram no 399 from Sir G Tory to Mr. Sandys, Reporting A Talk with the Tunku on Reactions to His Speech of 27 May, 3 June 1961.
PREM 11/3418, The Grand Design: Letter from Tunku Abdul Rahman to Mr. Macmillan. Enclosure: 'Integration of British North Borneo Territories and Singapore with the Federation of Malaya, 26 June 1961.
PREM 11/3422 'Greater Malaysia': Inward telegram No. 705 From Sir G Tory to Mr. Sandys, Reporting the Tunku's reaction to Mr. Macmillan's latest message, 26 September 1961.
PREM 11/3422 'Greater Malaysia': Inward telegram No. 715 From Sir G Tory to Mr. Sandys, Reporting further on the Tunk's reaction to Mr. Macmillan's latest message, 28 September 1961.
PREM 11/3422 Rescuing the London Talks: Outward telegram No. 1478 from Mr. Sandys to Sir G Tory, forwarding a message from Mr. Macmillan to Tunku Abdul Rahman, 3 October 1961.
Buku dan Jurnal
Abdullah, A. R. T, & Alih, Saidah (2017). Proses Kemerdekaan Sabah Dan Sarawak (1961-1963): Tinjauan Kembali Aplikasian Perundangan Dalam Penubuhan Malaysia. Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics & Strategy.
Abdullah, A. R. T., & Hassan, W. S. W. (2015). Elemen Sejarah dalam Pembentukan Negara: Kemunculan Negara Bangsa di Eropah dan Proses Kolonialisasi dan Dekolonialisasi dalam Konteks Malaysia. Perspektif: Jurnal Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan. 7(1).
Abdullah, A. R. T., Bala. B., & Mulia, P. A. H. (2018). MA63: Perjanjian Malaysia 1963 Sebagai Dokumen Sejarah dan Kedudukan Perundangannya dalam Konteks Masa Kini. Jurnal Borneo Arkhailogia (Heritage, Archaeology and History), 3(2).
Abdullah, A. R. T., Bala. B., & Mulia, P. A. H. (2019). Perjanjian Malaysia 1963: Kerangka Perundangan dalam Gagasan Malaysia dan Proses Dekolonialisasi Sabah dan Sarawak. Jurnal Borneo Arkhailogia (Heritage, Archaeology and History), 4(1).
Ajamain, Zainal. (2015). The Queen’s Obligation and Inter-government Committee Report. Kota Kinabalu: BruConn Sdn. Bhd.
Bala, B. (2018). Satu daripada Tiga Belas: Sabah dan Sarawak dalam Pembentukan Malaysia, 1961-1963. Jurnal Borneo Arkhailogia (Heritage, Archaeology and History), 3(2).
Hassan, Rozeman. (2016). Dasar British Terhadap Hubungan Singapura-Malaysia 1959-1969. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Kho, A. L. (2022). The Idea of Grand Design and Super Federation in The Formation of The Greater Malaysia. Jurnal Borneo Arkhailogia (Heritage, Archaeology and History), 7(1), 13-24.
Samuels, J. H. (2007). Condominium Arrangements in International Practice: Reviving an Abandoned Concept of Boundary Dispute Resolution. Mich. J. Int'l L., 29, 727.
Shafie, Ghazali. (2015). Memoir Ghazali Shafie: Penubuhan Malaysia. Bangi: Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.
Stockwell, A.J. (2004). Malaysia: British Documents on the End of Empire. Series B. Vol. 8. London: Stationery Office.
Tan. T. Y. (2008). Creating "Greater Malaysia": Decolonization And The Politics Of Merger. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
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