MIGRASI DALAM KOMUNITI MURUT DAN KEMASUKAN PERIBUMI BORNEO KE BORNEO UTARA (SABAH) KETIKA ERA KOLONIAL
Migration in the Murut Community and the Influx of Borneo’s Indigenous People to North Borneo (Sabah) During the Colonial Era
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51200/jba.v10i1.7192Keywords:
Murut, Migrasi, Borneo Utara, Hubungan, KonflikAbstract
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menghuraikan faktor-faktor yang mendorong migrasi komuniti Murut Borneo Utara ke Sarawak dan wilayah Kalimantan pada awal abad ke-20. Seterusnya matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan dan konflik antara komuniti Murut di Borneo Utara dengan peribumi dari Sarawak, Brunei dan Kalimantan yang berhijrah ke kawasan mereka pada akhir abad ke-19 dan awal abad ke-20. Permasalahan kajian berpusat pada persaingan ekonomi dan konflik sosial yang timbul akibat migrasi peribumi luar yang mengganggu hak monopoli komuniti Murut terhadap sumber hutan. Interaksi sosial seperti perkahwinan campur dan amalan perhambaan turut mempengaruhi hubungan antara komuniti. Objektif kajian adalah mengkaji faktor migrasi dan menganalisis konflik sosioekonomi yang timbul. Selanjutnya, kajian historiografi ini bersifat kualitatif dan deskriptif serta dilakukan melalui kaedah kepustakaan dan arkib. Teknik kritis terhadap sumber sejarah merangkumi dokumen primer seperti The British North Borneo Herald (BNBH) dan North Borneo Secretariat File (NBSF) serta sumber sekunder dalam bentuk buku dan artikel telah dilakukan demi mencapai objektiviti sejarah dalam kajian ini. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan migrasi peribumi Borneo ke Borneo Utara didorong oleh potensi ekonomi hasil hutan yang akhirnya mencetuskan persaingan dan konflik hubungan dengan komuniti Murut. Kerajaan kolonial memainkan peranan penting dalam mengurus konflik melalui dasar pentadbiran dan penguatkuasaan undang-undang. Kajian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang aspek migrasi dan interaksi sosial antara komuniti. Prospek kajian mencadangkan penyelidikan lanjut mengenai hubungan sosial dan ekonomi komuniti Murut dalam era pasca penubuhan Malaysia.
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